促进农村地区AIDS患者及HIV携带者口腔健康措施的研究  

Evaluation of promoting the oral cavity health measures of rural AIDS patients/HIV-carriers

作　　者：陶玮[1] 蒋勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学口腔医学院口腔预防医学教研室,合肥230032

出　　处：《中华口腔医学杂志》2011年第5期293-296,共4页Chinese Journal of Stomatology

基　　金：安徽省全球基金艾滋病项目多部门和社会参与项目（200606）

摘　　要：目的调查农村地区获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）患者及人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）携带者的口腔卫生知识、态度和行为（knowledge，attitude and practice，KAP）现状，评价相应的干预措施对提高其口腔卫生KAP及口腔健康水平的效果。方法2009年5至8月对安徽省皖北某县4个行政村共82例AIDS患者及HIV携带者采用一对一匿名采集病史和现场口腔检查，对口腔卫生KAP及口腔疾患现状进行基线调查，根据调查结果实施干预措施，比较干预前后AIDS患者及HIV携带者口腔卫生状况的改善情况及干预效果。结果干预前82例AIDS患者及HIV携带者口腔卫生状况较差，干预后76例AIDS患者及HIV携带者相关口腔KAP提高，干预前认为“洗牙可以传播AIDS”者占27％（22／82），干预后为54％（41／76）（x^2=20．066，P〈0．001）；AIDS相关口腔疾病患病率明显下降，干预前83％（68／82）的受访者有“牙龈炎”，干预后为62％（47／76）（X^2=8．852，P=0．003）。由主观因素引起的个人口腔卫生及相关的KAP在干预后改善较好，干预前“每次刷牙超过3min”者占44％（36／82），干预后为59％（45／76）（X^2=4．017，P=0．045）。结论农村AIDS患者及HIV携带者口腔卫生KAP状况较差，干预后得到改善，口腔健康水平得到显著提高。Objective To survey the status of oral cavity hygiene knowledge, attitude and practice （KAP） of rural acquired immunodeficiency syndrome（AIDS） patients and human immunodefieieney virus （HIV） carriers and take corresponding intervention measures to improve the oral health of these patients. Methods From May to August in 2009, the methods of anonymous face to face structured interview and oral examination at the scene were carried out at the baseline in rural AIDS patients/HIV-canrriers. According to the results of the survey, intervention measures were taken. The resuhs of the intervention and the oral hygiene status were compared before and after the intervention. Results The oral health status of 82 AIDS patients and HIV-carriers were in poor before the intervention, and the knowledge of AIDS-related oral health of 76 AIDS patients and HIV-canrriiers was promoted after interventions,＂ scaling can spread AIDS＂ were 22 cases（27% ） , and after the intervention 41 patients（54% ） think that can spread（ X^2 = 20. 066, P 〈 0. 001 ）. The oral diseases of related AIDS were decreased dramatically, 68 patients （83%） had gingivitis before intervention and 47 cases（62% ） after the intervention（ X^2 = 8. 852, P = 0. 003 ）. The personal oral cavity hygiene and related oral KAP of AIDS caused by subjeetive factors had improved to different extent, ＂brushing teeth over 3 min at every turn＂, there were over 36 eases （44%） before intervention and 45 patients after intervention（59% ） （X^2 = 4. 017,P = 0. 045）. Conclusions The oral hygiene and KAP of AIDS patients and HIV-carriers in rural areas were poor and improved after intervention.

关 键 词：获得性免疫缺陷综合征 人类免疫缺陷病毒 口腔表现 干预性研究 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]