秸杆栽培食用菌拮抗菌株的鉴定及混菌发酵条件的优化  

Characterization of the Antagonistic Strains Used for Culturing of Edible Fungi and Optimization of Their Fermentation Conditions

作　　者：陶金国[1] 卢伟东[1] 徐丽丽[1] 郭立忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学山东省应用真菌省级重点实验室,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《青岛农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第1期50-54,共5页Journal of Qingdao Agricultural University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200803033-A0604);国家支撑项目(2007BAD89B09-15)

摘　　要：从海洋泥样和食用菌发酵料中分离出了32个菌株,从中筛选出了既具有较高的纤维素酶活性又具有对青霉(Penicillium spp)、木霉(Trichoderma spp.)、根霉(Rhizopus)、曲霉(Aspergillus spp)、毛霉(Mucro)较强拮抗能力的W-4、W-10、N-14三个菌株。经鉴定W-4、W-10分别属于放线菌中黄色节杆菌(Arthrobacter flavescens)和石灰壤诺卡氏菌(Nocardia calcarea),N-14属于细菌中的乳酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus lactis)。通过正交试验对上述3个菌株混合发酵条件进行优化,确定在温度35℃、时间36h、pH7.5、装液量60ml/250ml时为最适发酵条件。在此条件下3个菌株混合发酵液纤维素酶活力仍然很高。同时混合发酵液对青霉、曲霉、毛霉、木霉、根霉的拮抗能力分别为单菌株发酵液的1.79倍、1.36倍、1.29倍、1.04倍、1.07倍。32 strains were isolated from the sediment of ocean floor and solid cultured medium of edible fungi.Among them,3 strains,such as W-4,W-10,and N-14,which could decompose cellulose and are antagonistic against the test fungi were isolated.Based on the morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics,W-4,W-10,and N14 were identified as fla.vescens,Nocardia calcarea,and Lactobacillus lactis,respectively.The optimal cultural conditions for the mixed fermentation of three isolated strains were optimized through orthogonal design and were determined as follows： cultured for 36h at 35℃,pH 7.5 and liquid volume is 60/250ml.The cellulase activity was still relatively high under these conditions.Compared with the control,the antagonistic ability of the mixed cultural media was enhanced to 1.79,1.04,1.07,1.36 and 1.29 times towards Penieillium spp.,Trichoderma spp.,Rhizopus,Aspergillus spp.and Mucro respectively.

关 键 词：纤维素酶活性 霉菌 拮抗 发酵条件优化 

分 类 号：S482.7[农业科学—农药学]