甲骨文中所见的商代朝觐礼仪  

The Oracle-recorded Pilgrimage Etiquette in the Shang Dynasty

作　　者：郭旭东[1] 

机构地区：[1]安阳师范学院甲骨学与殷商文化研究中心,河南安阳455002

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2011年第3期24-29,共6页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学重大课题攻关项目招标课题(05JZD00029);国家社会科学基金项目(06BZS005)

摘　　要：殷商时期王畿之外分布有大量的方国诸侯,它们与商王朝之间是十分脆弱的主从关系,双方通过一定的礼仪制度等多方面的习俗和规定来维系这种并不稳定的联盟或统治与被统治的关系。甲骨卜辞材料反映出这一时期的确存在着诸侯朝觐商王以及商王礼待来者的礼仪内容,包括商王朝对朝觐者的迎入之礼、诸侯至王都之后所行的将币和助祭之礼、商王对朝觐者的赐命与飨燕之礼等。后世文献典籍所见的朝觐礼仪在3 000年前的商代甲骨卜辞中大多可见其史影,周因于殷礼的传统观点是有根据的。In the Yin times, there were large numbers of manors and realms beyond site of the imperial court, which were in fragile subordination to the Shang Dynasty. The two sides sustained an unstable union and relation-ship between the ruling and the ruled by a ceremonial system providing a variety of conventions and regulations. As the oracle inscriptions show, there were certainly ceremonial contents for the lords to pilgrim the king of Shang and the king to courteously receive the lords in this period of time, including the court＇ s etiquette to receive the pil- grims, the lord＇ s etiquette to express regard and contribute sacrifice after their arrival and the king＇ s etiquette to knight and entertain the lords. Most of the pilgrimage etiquette recorded in later documents could find their historical counterparts in the oracle inscriptions in the Shang Dynasty 3,000 years ago. Therefore, the traditional view that the Zhou Dynasty succeeded the etiquette in the Shang Dynasty is well-grounded.

关 键 词：殷商文化 甲骨文 朝觐礼仪 

分 类 号：K877.1[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K223[历史地理—历史学]