青少年和成人斜视患者社会心理障碍的调查研究  

Study of the psychosocial aspects of adolescent and adult strabismus

作　　者：余新平[1] 黄盈[2] 陈洁[1] 余焕云[1] 汪育文[1] 张芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]温州医学院附属眼视光医院,浙江温州325027 [2]温州医学院附属第二医院,浙江温州325027

出　　处：《中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志》2011年第2期136-139,共4页Chinese Journal Of Optometry Ophthalmology And Visual Science

基　　金：温州市科技局资助项目（Y20080215）

摘　　要：目的 探讨水平斜视对青少年和成人患者社会心理健康的影响及斜视矫正术对其的改善作用.方法 调查研究.参考国外相关资料,制作斜视患者社会心理健康评价调查问卷表,对56例斜视患者（男23例,女33例）于术前和术后2-3个月分别采用术前和术后社会心理健康问卷表进行调查;同时记录患者一般资料和斜视专科情况.采用独立样本t检验.单因素方差分析和Pearson相关分析进行统计学分析.结果 总共56例斜视患者接受了问卷调查,其中内斜视17例,外斜视39例（其中间歇性外斜视15例）：56例患者均存在一定程度的社会心理障碍,其中64%患者因斜视影响其结交朋友等社交活动,61%患者与异性朋友相处受影响,82%患者的自信心和93%患者与他人对视能力受影响;74%的患者因斜视而回避公众场合和活动.64%的患者手术治疗的目的为恢复双眼视功能.在斜视对患者个人生活和社会生活影响的得分中,患者性别、斜视类型、婚否、受教育程度、工作与否的影响差异无统计学意义,手术年龄、斜视程度与得分无明显相关性.斜视手术后2-3个月,患者的社会心理健康状况明显改善,自我评价、自信心和人际关系明显改善.患者对斜视诊疗的建议是希望能获得更舒适的斜视治疗过程和获取更多的号业知识.结论 斜视对青少年和成年斜视患者的社会心理健康有明显影响,主要体现在自我评价低、自信心和社会活动受影响;斜视矫正手术能显著改善其社会心理健康状况.Objective To evaluate the perception of psychosocial difficulties due to strabismus and the effects of corrective surgery on adolescent and adult strabismus patients. Methods Investigative survey. The psychosocial problems of 56 patients （23 males, 33 females） were evaluated with an interview schedule before surgery. Patients were consulted 2-3 months after surgery to assess the psychological effects of the surgery. General information and detailed deviation data were also recorded. Data were analyzed with independent samples t tests, ANOVA and Pearson correlations.Results All 56 cases （17 cases of esotropia, 39 cases of exotropia） had .some psychosocial difficulties due to strabismus. Thirty-six patients （64%） had problems making friends and 61% of the patients had difficulty in maintaining good relationships with opposite-sex friends. Lack of self-confidence and problems with eye contact were reported in 82% and 93% of the patients, respectively. Seventy-four percent of the patients avoided public activities due to strabismus and 64% of patients planned to have corrective surgery to reconstructive binocular function. No significant difference was found in psychosocial functions due to sex, age, and types of strabismus and employment. There was no relationship between psychosocial function and age at time of surgery or deviation. Psychosocial functions, especially self-confidence, self-esteem and relationships with friends, improved after surgery. Most of the patients wished to be better informed about strabismus and be more comfortable about treatment during therapy. Conclusion Adolescent and adult strabismus patients have some difficulties with self-confidence, self-esteem and ability to interact in social situations. The psychosocial functioning of these patients improve after corrective surgery.

关 键 词：斜视 心理学 社会 治疗 手术 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]