Soil erosion rates and characteristics of typical alpine meadow using ~137Cs technique in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau  

作　　者：SHAO QuanQin XIAO Tong LIU JiYuan QI YongQing 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China [2]Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China [3]Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050021, China

出　　处：《Chinese Science Bulletin》2011年第16期1708-1713,共6页

基　　金：supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2009CB421105);Western Act Plan of the Chinese Academy of Sciences;the National Technology Support Project (2006BAC08B00)

摘　　要：Alpine meadow is the predominant ecosystem in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.The firm turf of alpine meadow formed by sub-surface anfractuous roots can be effective in conserving water and soil.Alpine meadow is a primary contributor to the Chinese Water Tower.For quantitative assess anti-erosion ability of alpine meadow,this paper selected three typical meadow slopes with>60% vegetation coverage to evaluate soil erosion rates using 137Cs.The results showed that(1)soil erosion intensity of typical alpine meadow was slight to light.Erosion rates were 464 t km–2 a–1 in Malong Village,415 t km–2 a–1 in Yeniugou Town and 875 t km–2 a–1 in Zhenqin Town respectively;(2)soil erosion rates were correlated negatively with vegetation coverage,and the relationship was clearer at the slope scale than plot scale;(3)the relationship between soil erosion and vegetation coverage showed that vegetation coverage was a predominant factor in retaining soil and water on slopes.With complete turf and high vegetation coverage, alpine meadow was of great significance for soil conservation and prevention of soil erosion.Alpine meadow is the predominant ecosystem in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The firm turf of alpine meadow formed by sub-surface anfractuous roots can be effective in conserving water and soil. Alpine meadow is a primary contributor to the Chinese Water Tower. For quantitative assess anti-erosion ability of alpine meadow, this paper selected three typical meadow slopes with 〉60% vegetation coverage to evaluate soil erosion rates using 137Cs. The results showed that （1） soil erosion intensity of typical alpine meadow was slight to light. Erosion rates were 464 t km-2 a-1 in Malong Village, 415 t km-2 a-1 in Yeniugou Town and 875 t km-2 a-1 in Zhenqin Town respectively; （2） soil erosion rates were correlated negatively with vegetation coverage, and the relationship was clearer at the slope scale than plot scale; （3） the relationship between soil erosion and vegetation coverage showed that vegetation coverage was a predominant factor in retaining soil and water on slopes. With complete turf and high vegetation coverage, alpine meadow was of great significance for soil conservation and prevention of soil erosion.

关 键 词：高寒草甸草地 土壤侵蚀速率 137Cs 青藏高原 植被覆盖度 植被覆盖率 土壤侵蚀率 技术 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学]