论碳酸盐岩探区时间域速度分析  

To obtain accurate seismic velocity field in karst exploration area

作　　者：李振春[1] 郭朝斌[1] 张凯[1] 岳玉波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学地球资源与信息学院,东营257061

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2011年第2期549-556,共8页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(2007AA060502)资助

摘　　要：海相碳酸盐岩地层已是国内油气田勘探的重点和难点,难点在于南方碳酸盐岩探区具有地表复杂,地下储层构造复杂的双复杂特点,从而作为地震成像核心的时间域速度分析,其规律也受到碳酸盐岩探区双复杂特点的影响,主要表现为目标区速度有多种趋势,本文着重分析了制约其速度分析精度的因素,即其精度不仅受碳酸盐岩地层微弱反射信号的影响,同时还受地表复杂导致的次生干扰的影响,在分析的基础上指出了实际地震数据处理中速度分析的误区,表明应严格区分多次波和次生干扰对速度分析的影响,理论上提出和印证在南方碳酸盐岩探区应使用基于共散射点道集(CSP)速度分析方法,这对碳酸盐岩探区地震数据速度分析和成像具有较强的理论指导意义.Marine carbonate layers have been the focus of the domestic oil and gas exploration with difficulty, for there are complex terrain and complex geological layers in the southern karst exploration area. The accuracy of velocity analysis, which is the key stage of seismic data imaging, will be influenced by the characteristics of doubly complex effects, for there are more than one tendency of velocity in target area. In this paper the accuracy of velocity analysis in karst exploration area is analyzed. Namely, the accuracy of velocity analysis is affected not only by the weak signals of carbonate layers, but also by the complex secondary waves. On this basis, the errors in actual velocity analysis of seismic data obtained in that area are discovered, and the different influence of multiple waves and the secondary waves on velocity analysis should be strictly distinguished. We put forward a proposal that the velocity should be analyzed in common scatter point gather（CSP） theoretically and practically, which will has a strong guiding significance for the seismic datds processing and interpretation of the marine carbonate layers.

关 键 词：双复杂 碳酸盐岩 速度分析 次生干扰 多次波 共散射点道集 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]