中心血站献血员细小病毒B_(19)感染状况  

Human parvovirus B_( 19) infection in blood donors

作　　者：蔡定邦[1] 郭亮[2] 冼炳培 陈享[1] 文忠[1] 梅敏[1] 周丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]肇庆市第一人民医院,526021 [2]青岛市人民医院,266001 [3]肇庆市中心血站,526000

出　　处：《广东医学》1999年第9期661-662,共2页Guangdong Medical Journal

基　　金：广东省卫生厅"五个一"科教兴医重点研究项目

摘　　要：目的　人类细小病毒Ｂ１９ 与人类疾病密切相关，为确保输血安全，防止病毒传递，而探讨献血员Ｂ１９ 感染状况。方法　采用巢式聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术分别对肇庆市中心血站３７４ 例献血员，肇庆市４１１ 例正常新生儿，１８６ 例正常婴幼儿，以及６９１ 例正常孕妇静脉血检测Ｂ１９ＤＮＡ。结果　献血员组静脉血中Ｂ１９ＤＮＡ阳性１９ 例，阳性检出率为５．０８％ 。其中，Ａ型９３ 例阳性率为６／９３，即６－４５％ ；Ｂ型５８ 例阳性率为２／５８ ，即３－４５ ％ ；ＡＢ型４４ 例阳性率为６／４４，即１３－６４％ ；Ｏ型１７９ 例阳性率为５／１７９，即２－７９ ％ 。正常新生儿Ｂ１９阳性４４ 例，阳性检出率为１０－７０％ ；正常婴幼儿阳性１１ 例，阳性检出率为５－９１％ ；正常孕妇阳性７１ 例，阳性检出率为１０－２７％ 。结论　中心血站献血员正常状态下Ｂ１９感染低于正常孕妇和小儿，但仍有５－０８％ 检出Ｂ１９ 病毒ＤＮＡ，所以为确保输血安全，建议应在输血前筛查检除含有Ｂ１９的血液。不同血型其Ｂ１９ 阳性检出率有显著差别，初步认为与含红细胞抗原的不同及与抗Ａ抗体有一定关连，尚需待进一步探索。Objective To investigate human parvovirus B 19 infection in blood donors, newborns, children and pregnant women, in order to prevent the virus from transmission during blood transfusion.Methods Serum B 19 DNA was detected by nested polymerase chain reaction in 374 blood donors, 411 normal newborns, 186 normal children and 691 normal pregnant women. Results The positive rates of parvovirus B 19 DNA infection was 5 08% in blood donors, 6 45% (6/93) in A type blood, 3 45%(2/58) in B type blood, 13 64%(6/44) in AB type blood, 2 79%(5/179) in O type blood, 10 70% in normal newborns, 5 91% in normal children, 10 27% in normal pregnant women respectively. Conclusion Although the positive rate of human parvovirus B 19 infection in blood donors (5 08%) is lower than that in normal newborns, children and pregnant women, it is still necessary to detect serum B 19 DNA of donors before blood transfusion. The infection rate of parvovirus B 19 is different from each blood type. This is probably related to RBC antigen and anti-A antibody.

关 键 词：细小病毒B19 巢式 聚合酶链反应 献血员 

分 类 号：R457[医药卫生—治疗学] R373.9[医药卫生—临床医学]