锡林郭勒草地畜草平衡分析  

Analysis of Balance between Livestock and Feeds in Xilinguole Grassland

作　　者：张存厚[1,2] 王明玖[1] 赵杏花[1] 郭瑞清 孙小龙 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古气象局生态与农业气象中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010051

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2011年第3期87-93,共7页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家"973"计划资助项目(2007CB106805);(中-英-瑞)中国适应气候变化项目(ACCC/20100620-02)

摘　　要：分析了锡林郭勒草地1961~2007年间最大饲养量变化以及2002~2007年的实际饲养量,应用畜草平衡监测模型,对其畜草平衡状况进行分析。结果表明,近年来锡林郭勒草地气候潜力在下降,最大饲养量也在下降,降水是制约本区域草地生产潜力的关键因子;近6年来,大部分旗县的最大饲养量和实际饲养量均有不同程度下降趋势,但2007年的部分旗县实际饲养量又有明显增加;在锡林郭勒草地9个旗县中,除阿巴嘎旗和东乌旗连续6年均欠载外,其余地区都有不同程度的超载现象,且各旗县超载率呈上升趋势,其中多伦县、太仆寺旗和西乌旗连续6年均处于超载状态。The changes of maximal feeding capacity of Xilinguole grassland in 1961~2007 and actual feeding capacity of Xilinguole grassland in 2002~2007 were analyzed,the balance state between livestock and feeds was analyzed by applying livestock-feeds balance monitoring model.The results showed that the potential climatic productivity in Xilinguole grassland was decreased in recent years,maximal feeding capacity was also decreased,the key factor restricting grassland potential productivity was precipitation;In recent 6 years,both maximal and actual feeding capacity trended to decrease,but actual feeding capacity was increased obviously in some counties in 2007;overgrazing existed in all the counties of Xilinguole except Abaga and Dongwu County,and the overgrazing rate was increasing,Duolun,Taipusi and Xiwu County were in overgrazing for 6 years.

关 键 词：草地生产潜力 饲养量 载畜量 畜草平衡 Thornthwaite Memorial模型 Miami模型 锡林郭勒草地 

分 类 号：S812.8[农业科学—草业科学]