饲料中添加还原型谷胱甘肽对牙鲆生长和抗氧化能力的影响  

Effects of Dietary Reduced Glutathione on Growth and Anti-Oxidative Capability of Japanese Flounder,Paralichthys olivaceus

作　　者：王芳倩[1] 张文兵[1] 麦康森[1] 徐玮[1] 王小洁[1] 刘付志国[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第4期51-56,共6页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2007AA09Z437)资助

摘　　要：以酪蛋白、明胶为主要蛋白源配制精制基础饲料,添加不同浓度梯度的还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH),饲料中GSH的含量分别为0、97.96、189.92、371.84、688.72和1 063.56 mg.kg-1,在流水式养殖系统中分别投喂初始体质量为(9.49±0.22)g的牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)幼鱼,8周后观测各组牙鲆的生长情况及机体的抗氧化状态。结果表明,饲料中添加外源的GSH对牙鲆成活率没有显著影响(P>0.05);牙鲆增重率(WGR)在饲料GSH含量为371.84 mg.kg-1时达到最大值,显著高于其它各组(P<0.05);饲料GSH添加组牙鲆肝脏中GSH的含量显著高于零添加组(P<0.05);各处理组肝脏中丙二醛(MDA)的含量没有显著差异(P>0.05);肝脏中谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)的活力随饲料中GSH含量的升高呈现先降低后上升的趋势,并在饲料中GSH含量为371.84 mg.kg-1时达到最低值;肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)活力没有受到饲料中GSH含量的显著影响(P>0.05);饲料中GSH含量为371.84 mg.kg-1时,肝脏中总抗氧化力(T-AOC)显著高于1 063.56 mg.kg-1组(P<0.05),谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GST)活力显著低于其它各组(P<0.05)。根据WGR的实验数据,利用折线模型得到牙鲆幼鱼饲料中GSH的适宜含量为368.92 mg.kg-1,过高或过低都会对生长造成负面影响,抑制机体抗氧化能力,增加机体氧化压力。The basal diet employed casein and gelatin as main protein sources and was supplemented with reduced glutathione （GSH） up to 0; 97. 96, 189. 92, 371.84, 688. 72 and 1 063. 56 mg · kg^-1 diet. In the flow- through culture system, the Japanese flounders Paralichthys olivaceus （initial weight （9. 49 ±0. 22）g） were fed with graded levels of dietary GSH, respectively, for 8 weeks to evaluate their growth and anti- oxidative status. The results showed that survival rate was not significantly affected by dietary GSH levels （P〉0. 05）. The average weight gain rate （WGR） in the treatment with 371.84 mg· kg^-1 dietary GSH was significantly higher than those in other treatments （P〈0.05）. The hepatic GSH concentration in dietary GSH added groups was significantly higher than that in dietary GSH deprived group （control group） （P〈0. 05）. No significant differences in hepatic malondiadehyde （MDA） concentration were found between GSH deprived and supplemented groups （P〉0. 05）. The lowest value of hepatic GR activities was found in treatment with 371.84 mg · kg^-1 dietary GSH （P〈0.05）. There were no significant differences in the activities of hepatic superoxide dismutase （SOD） and glutathione peroxidase （GPx） among the all treatments （P〉0. 05）. In the group with 371.84 mg · kg^-1 dietary GSH, the total anti-oxi- dative capability （T-AOC） was significantly higher than that in the group with 1 063.56 mg · kg^-1 dietary GSH, however, the GST activity was significantly lower than those in the other groups （P〈0. 05）. Based on the WGR data in the present experiment, a broken-line model was employed to calculate the op- timal levels of dietary GSH, which was 368.92 mg· kg^-1 diet. Deficient or overdose of dietary GSH could cause negative effects on the growth and anti-oxidative capacity of Paralichthys olivaceus.

关 键 词：牙鲆 饲料 谷胱甘肽 生长 抗氧化 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]