乙酰胆碱酯酶和发光菌检测有机磷农药毒性研究  

Detection of the Toxicity of Organophosphorus Pesticide with Acetylcholinesterase and Luminescent Bacterium

作　　者：贾玉玲 蔡强 彭惠民[2] 钟平方 何苗[4] 施汉昌[4] 

机构地区：[1]浙江清华长三角研究院生态环境研究所,嘉兴314000 [2]重庆医科大学基础医学院,重庆400016 [3]重庆三大伟业制药有限公司,重庆402460 [4]清华大学环境科学与工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《环境科学》2011年第6期1820-1824,共5页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2007AA062419);浙江省重点科技计划项目(2006C23069);浙江省自然基金项目(Y507081);浙江省重大科技项目(2007C13010)

摘　　要：有机磷农药(organophosphorus pesticides,OPs)污染形势严峻.研究采用乙酰胆碱酯酶(acetylcholinesterase,AChE)和T3发光菌2种生物检测法,在急性毒性实验基础上,研究了几种有机磷农药的联合毒性,为今后OPs检测标准的制定提供参考.实验结果表明,在最佳反应条件下,AChE对不同OPs的敏感性不同,敌敌畏﹥敌百虫﹥乙酰甲胺磷﹥氧乐果﹥三唑磷,对5种OPs的检出浓度分别为1.69、3.78、4.03、7.32和8.03μg/mL;利用T3发光菌检测有机磷农药的单一毒性,表明发光菌相对发光率与OPs浓度呈负相关,相关系数在0.93～0.98,OPs对T3发光菌的半数效应浓度(EC50)分别为0.398、0.712、0.152、0.094、0.140 mg/mL,毒性大小顺序为:乙酰甲胺磷>三唑磷>氧乐果>敌敌畏>敌百虫;利用2种方法评价5种OPs的联合作用,表明OPs二元混合物联合作用方式为协同作用和部分相加作用.Organphosphorus pesticides（OPs） can lead to serious environmental pollution problems.Whose bioeffect of multi-OPs is still lack of consideration although single component has been studied.To evaluate joint acute toxicity of OPs,two bioassay,AchE and T3 luminous bacterium,were studied,The result shows that： The sensitivity of AChE to different OPs are different： dichlorvos trichlotfon acephate omethoate triazophos,the detection limit of five kinds of OPs are 1.69,3.78,4.03,7.32 and 8.03 μg/mL.Detecting the single toxicity of OPs with method of T3 luminous bacterium,the relationship between luminous efficiency of luminous bacterium and the concentration of OPs is negatively correlated,and the correlation coefficient is between 0.93 and 0.98,the EC50 value of OPs to T3 luminescent bacterium are 0.398,0.712,0.152,0.094,0.140 mg/mL,the toxicity order of OPs to T3 luminous bacterium is： acephate triazophos omethoate dichlorvos trichlorfon;Using such two kinds of methods to evaluate the joint toxicity of OPs showed that the joint mode action of binary mixtures of OPs includes the synergy effect and partial additive effect.

关 键 词：有机磷农药 乙酰胆碱酯酶 发光菌 急性毒性 联合毒性 

分 类 号：X502[环境科学与工程—环境工程]