多孔方形鱼礁对水动力环境影响的试验研究  

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE HYDRODYNAMICS OF MODELED REEFS LOCATED WITHIN A CURRENT

作　　者：吴建[1,2] 拾兵[1] 杨立鹏[1] 陈举[1] 孙秀峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学工程学院 [2]海军92854部队

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2011年第2期147-152,共6页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2008AA092309);国家自然科学基金项目(50879084)资助

摘　　要：借助声学多普勒流速仪(ADV)测量了水槽中的中空有盖、无盖多孔方形人工鱼礁模型在0(°)及45(°)迎流方向时尾流场的流速分布与紊动强度分布,并对鱼礁周边冲刷后的地形进行了精细测量,由试验资料分析可知:无盖鱼礁0(°)布置时,阻流垂向范围沿程增大,局部冲刷宽度、深度最小,且其对水流的阻减强度呈下强上弱的垂线分布,沿程阻减范围达8倍礁长以外。结合水流输沙理论分析可知,鱼礁对水流的阻滞作用,可减弱水流挟沙能力及推移质输沙率,为悬移质及推移质泥沙于礁后沉积提供了有利的动力环境。The wake structures of aperture cube reef models meeting the current at 0 （°） and 45 （°）, which placed on the floor of flume, were studied by using Acoustic- Doppler Velocimeter （ADV）, then the local scour around models was tested. The results indicated that no cover reef of 0 （°） is better engineering plan, because the velocity loss along downstream resistance increases in the vertical direction, the scope of local scour is the minimum, and the lower layer has stronger velocity loss than the toper in the vertical distribution, the scale of velocity loss along downstream is about 8 times height of reef. Combining the sediment transport theory, the reefs in the current, weaken the carrying capacity and reduce the bed load sediment transport rate, so it can be applied for preventing beach erosion, worthy popularizing.

关 键 词：人工鱼礁 流场效应 物理模型试验 阻流防冲 

分 类 号：P753[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]