膜下滴灌棉田杂草群落组成及特点的初步研究——以阿瓦提县为例  

The Preliminary Study on Weeds Community and Its Characteristics in Cotton Field Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation——Take Avati County for Example

作　　者：崔建平[1] 田立文[1] 林涛[1] 徐海江[1] 郭仁松[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2011年第5期799-803,共5页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：十一五"国家科技支撑项目"棉花持续优质高效生产技术体系研究与示范"(2006BADB02-1);"十一五"新疆维吾尔自治区重大专项项目"棉花高产优质高效栽培技术研究"(200731133-1);农业部行业性公益项目"棉花简化种植节本增效生产技术研究与应用"(nyhyzx07-005:3-5-20);科技部富民强县项目"优质长绒棉技术体系构建及产业化

摘　　要：【目的】摸清滴灌模式下棉田杂草群落种类、数量,为南疆早中熟塔哈次棉花亚区滴灌棉田杂草的科学防治提供理论依据。【方法】以阿瓦提县具有多年膜下滴灌种植条件的乡(场)为重点,调查研究杂草群落种类及数量,并与该县不同植棉模式下棉田杂草群落进行比较。【结果】不同植棉模式下杂草种类均较多,滴灌棉田杂草主要有9科15种,以禾本科、菊科、藜科对棉花生长影响较大。【结论】通过与露地直播、常规灌棉田杂草比较,膜下滴灌棉田杂草根的干重明显较低,一年生浅根杂草及阔叶杂草呈增多趋势。杂草在棉花生育期有两个危害高峰,且危害高峰提前并持续时间较长。[ Objective] In order to substantially know the weeds community and its characteristics in cotton field under mulch- drip irrigation of the south Xinjiang, an investigation on weeds was conducted. Finally a theoretical base of weeds control was provided in cotton subregions of the Southern prematurity and medium ripening taha. [Method]Laid heavy stress on the years of cotton field with drip irrigation in townships of Avati County, weed community and quantities were investigated, including comparing with weeds community under the different mode of cotton. [Result]There were a lot of weeds species in different cotton mode,including 9 families 15 kinds. Their main species were gramineous, compositae and ehenopodiaceae families which had great effect on cotton growth. [ Conclusion] Compared with cotton fields under outdoor sowing, conventional irrigation and mulch - drip irrigation, the dry weight of weeds root bade significantly lower. The reason was that enough water and nutrient were supplied in time in cotton field under mulch - drip irrigation. The weeds quantity of annual shallow roots and broad - leaved had tendency to increase. The weeds had two harm peaks in the cotton growth period, and peak harm appeared earlier and continued for longer time.

关 键 词：棉花膜下滴灌 杂草群落 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]