中国部分省份农村室内灰尘铅污染特征  

Dust lead contamination in rural households of several provinces in China

作　　者：杨文麟[1] 闭向阳[1] 韩志轩[1] 宁蒙[1] 杨欢[1] 王历星[1] 张鑫[1] 马骏驰[2] 

机构地区：[1]生物地质与环境地质教育部重点实验室,中国地质大学(武汉)地球科学学院,武汉430074 [2]沈阳二中,沈阳110016

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2011年第6期1246-1250,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家地质学理科基地人才培养基金项目(J0830520);国家自然科学基金项目(40703023和40903041)资助

摘　　要：采集了中国8个省份122件农村室内灰尘样品,对其中铅的含量、赋存形态及生物可给性进行了研究。结果表明,8个省份农村室内灰尘铅平均含量为207.5mg·kg-1,湖南(平均537.8mg·kg-1)和云南(280.1mg·kg-1)铅含量较高,陕西(96.0mg·kg-1)和福建(80.1mg·kg-1)相对较低。连续形态提取结果表明,农村室内灰尘铅主要以铁锰氧化物结合态形式存在(36.8%),其次为残渣态(17.7%)和碳酸盐结合态(16.7%),可交换态(14.3%)和有机质结合态(14.4%)铅所占总量比例相对较少。通过体外模拟实验提取的生物可给态铅占总铅的比例平均为52.8%,相关分析显示,生物可给态铅含量与铁锰氧化物结合态铅含量高度相关,表明铁锰氧化物结合态铅对生物可给态铅具有重要贡献。One hundred and twenty one dust samples were collected from the rural households in eight provinces of China to measure the lead （Pb） concentration,speciation,and bio-availability.The mean Pb concentration in the household dusts was 207.5 mg·kg-1.Among the eight provinces,Hunan and Yunnan had higher Pb concentration in their rural household dusts （537.8 and 280.1 mg·kg-1,respectively）,while Shaanxi and Fujian had a relatively lower one （96.0 and 80.1 mg·kg-1,respectively）.In the household dusts,Pb was mainly associated with Fe-Mn oxides （36.8%）,followed by in residual form （17.7%）,and associated with carbonate （16.7%）.The exchangeable form （14.3%） and organic/sulphide form （14.4%） were relatively low.The bio-availability of Pb in the household dusts was 52.8%,and significantly correlated with Fe-Mn oxide Pb,suggesting the important contribution of Fe-Mn oxide Pb to the bio-available Pb.

关 键 词：农村 灰尘 铅污染 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]