非生物胁迫下植物细胞壁组分变化  

Changes of plant cell wall components under abiotic stresses:A review

作　　者：裴惠娟[1] 张满效[1,2] 安黎哲[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,兰州730000 [2]兰州石化职业技术学院,兰州730060 [3]兰州大学,兰州730000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2011年第6期1279-1286,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30770342和30670319)资助

摘　　要：植物细胞壁主要由纤维素、半纤维素、果胶、木质素和糖蛋白组成,其在植物生长中主要起结构支持、物质运输和抵御逆境的作用。植物生长在受到各种环境信号影响后,细胞壁特性会发生很大改变。这些环境信号也会改变细胞壁组分的含量和结构,从而改变细胞壁机械特性。这种细胞壁的改变可以认为是植物对环境胁迫的响应。本文主要综述在非生物环境胁迫下,包括水分亏缺、低温胁迫、重金属胁迫和增强UV-B辐射下细胞壁多糖含量和结构,细胞壁结构蛋白和细胞壁相关酶活性,以及分布在细胞间隙的小分子物质的响应和机制,结合近年来细胞壁相关基因水平、基因组水平和蛋白组水平方面的研究结果,讨论了今后该领域的研究方向。Plant cell wall mainly consists of cellulose,hemi-cellulose,pectic substances,lignin,and proteins.It has a number of functions,including maintain cell stability,transport materials,and protect cell against environmental stresses.When the plant life cycle is affected by various environmental signals,cell wall properties will have great change,and cell wall components content and structure will be also changed,which is supposed to be the causes of the changes in cell wall mechanical properties.These changes can be considered as the responses of plants to environmental stress.This paper summarized the research advances in the changes of cell wall polysaccharides and proteins content and structure and related enzyme activities,and the responses and relevant mechanisms of small molecules secreted to cell spaces under abiotic environmental stresses,such as water deficit,low temperature stress,heavy metals stress,and UV-B radiation.In considering of the recent researches at gene,genomic,and proteomics levels,the future research directions in this area were also discussed.

关 键 词：水分亏缺 低温胁迫 重金属 UV-B辐射 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]