采用涡旋膨胀机的低品位热能有机物朗肯循环发电系统实验研究  

Experimental Study on Low Grade Heat Driven Organic Rankine Cycle by Scroll Expander

作　　者：顾伟[1] 孙绍芹[1] 翁一武[1] 王玉璋[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海市闵行区200240

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2011年第17期20-25,共6页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划资助(973项目)(2010CB227301)~~

摘　　要：有机物朗肯循环(organic rankine cycle,ORC)的主要优点在于回收中低品位热能发电时的高效、环境友好、压力适宜等。文中对有机物朗肯循环进行了实验研究。实验装置采用涡旋式膨胀机,以R600a为工质,膨胀机最大输出电功率0.74 kW,最大第一定律效率2.4%。实验发现膨胀机最高转速为4 589 r/min;根据膨胀机输出功率随工质泵频率及热源温度的变化情况,发现工质泵频率存在一个最佳值,使得系统输出功率最大。循环第一定律效率随着蒸发压力的增加也存在最大值,其原因是由于较高压力和流量下膨胀机入口存在汽液两相现象。通过对ORC的实验研究,认为涡旋式膨胀机在中小型低品位热能ORC系统中具有非常大的优势,ORC系统有机物工质的流量和蒸发压力与低品位热能热源的匹配,是提高ORC系统性能的一个重要设计方法。Advantages of organic rankine cycles （ORC） for low and medium grade heat are high efficiency, environmentally friendly and proper operation pressure. An experimental study of organic rankine cycle was presented. Scroll Expander was selected for the testing system, and R600a （isobutene） as working fluid. Maximum output power is 0.74kW, and maximum first law efficiency is 2.4%. Testing result of expander rotating speed found that maximum value is 4 589 r/min. Then, experiment result shows that an optimum working fluid pump frequency exists, under this frequency the system provides maximum power. And first law efficiency of testing result also shows a maximum value for certain evaporating pressure. The reason is the gas-liquid two-phase at the expander inlet under high pump frequency. The conclusion of ORC experiment is that： scroll expander is a good choice for medium and small scale ORC system; the working fluid flow rate and evaporating pressure should carefully designed to match the waste heat, so that the output power can be maximized.

关 键 词：有机物朗肯循环 涡旋式膨胀机 低品位热能利用 发电 

分 类 号：TK212[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]