城市环境史研究发展过程中的重要学术现象探析  

A Probe of Some Important Academic Phenomena Emerging from Urban Environmental History Research

作　　者：毛达[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学历史学院博士生,北京100875

出　　处：《世界历史》2011年第3期37-45,158,共9页World History

基　　金：梅雪芹教授主持的教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地北京师范大学史学理论与史学史研究中心基金资助项目《环境史研究与20世纪中国史学》(项目批号:06JJD770004);北京师范大学自主科研基金资助项目《近现代华北地区现代化进程的环境史研究》(2009AC-1)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：城市环境史在其近20年的发展历程中,出现了一些值得思考的学术现象。首先,一场关于城市是不是环境史研究对象的学术争论不仅肯定了城市环境史研究的必要性,更推进了环境史的理论思考。其次,在城市环境史研究范式的转变上,新一代学者提出了用"政治文化路径"分析补充"技术路径"分析的主张,并最终改变了城市环境史研究的面貌。再次,因为空间尺度和研究对象的差异,城市环境史研究出现了"内在论"和"外在论"两种方向。但不同学者在坚持各自方向的同时,也在尝试进行综合,力图写出更全面的城市环境史。回顾城市环境史以往发展历程中的这些现象,有助于中国学者开展新的研究。Over the past 20 years,three important academic phenomena can be identified in the development of urban environmental history.Firstly,a debate over whether city should be an object of environmental history has not only laid the foundation of the field of urban environmental history,but also enriched the theoretical thinking of environmental history.Secondly,the new generation of urban environmental historians has changed the analytical paradigm by supplementing the 'path dependence of technology' with 'path dependence of politics and culture'.Thirdly,due to the difference of space scale and research focus,two approaches—namely the 'internal' and 'external' —to examine the environments of cities in history have emerged.While insisting on their specialties,American and European scholars have been making efforts to combine the two approaches and do integrated research.Reviewing these important academic phenomena will be helpful for Chinese scholars to initiate their new research for urban environmental history.

关 键 词：环境史 城市环境史 人工环境 马丁·梅洛西 路径依赖 

分 类 号：K091[历史地理—历史学]