广西隆林县鼠疫宿主动物及媒介蚤的调查  

Investigation of plague hosts and vectors in Longlin county,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

作　　者：周树武[1] 梁江明[1] 曾竣[1] 韦锦平[1] 陈达宗[1] 倪尔江 廖生华 黄利荣 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心细菌性传染病防制所,南宁530028 [2]隆林县疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2011年第3期233-235,242,共4页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：广西壮族自治区自然科学基金(0832196)~~

摘　　要：目的调查广西壮族自治区隆林县鼠疫自然疫源地鼠、蚤的组成与分布状况,并对鼠疫菌进行检测,为制定鼠疫防制对策提供依据。方法采用笼捕法捕获鼠并采集鼠体蚤,计算鼠体染蚤率和蚤指数;用粘蚤纸法捕获室内游离蚤,计算地面游离蚤指数;应用病原学和血清学检测鼠体等动物的鼠疫感染状况。结果该疫源地的啮齿动物共有2目3科11种,以黄胸鼠为优势鼠种;蚤类有6种,以印鼠客蚤为优势蚤种;平均鼠密度、平均鼠体染蚤率、平均蚤指数和印鼠客蚤指数分别为3.24%、27.09%、0.95和0.74,地面游离蚤指数为0.046;共培养鼠5398只,分离出10株鼠疫菌,用间接血凝试验检出2份阳性鼠血清和24份指示动物血清。结论隆林县存在黄胸鼠鼠疫自然疫源地,每年的4、10月是最适灭鼠期,2-10月是鼠疫监测的重点期。Objective To determine the population composition of rodents and fleas and investigate plague in the natural foci in Longlin county,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region for formulation of prevention and control strategies. Methods The flea-carrying rate and flea index of rodents were calculated based on the number of fleas collected from caged rodents. The free flea index was calculated according to the number of indoor fleas captured on sticky paper. The mammals were then subject to etiological and serological tests to determine the infection rate. Results Rodents of eleven species（3 families with 2 orders） and fleas（6 species） predominantly Rattus tanezumi and Xenopsylla cheopis were found in the foci. The average rodent density,flea-carrying rate,flea index and index of X. cheopis were 3.24%,27.09%,0.95 and 0.74,respectively. The indoor free flea index was 0.046. Among 5398 cultured rodent specimens,10 strains of Yersinia pestis were isolated;two positive sera and 24 indicative sera were detected via indirect hemorrhagic assay（IHA） . Conclusion The optimum period for rodent control is April and October and the key period for plague monitoring is from February to October in the natural foci of R. tanezumi plague in Longlin county.

关 键 词：鼠疫 疫源地 宿主动物 蚤类 

分 类 号：R254.8[医药卫生—中医内科学] S443[医药卫生—中医学]