阿拉山口口岸灭鼠效果回顾性分析及鼠情反弹监控的探讨  

Retrospective analysis of the rodenticidal effect and rodent infestation monitoring at Alataw Pass

作　　者：尹小平[1] 叶志辉[1] 彭定希[1] 骄娃[1] 刘文平[1] 阿布都.扎伊尔 

机构地区：[1]阿拉山口出入境检验检疫局卫生检疫监管科,新疆博乐833418 [2]新疆出入境检验检疫局

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2011年第3期269-272,共4页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：国家质检总局科技计划项目(2009IK211)~~

摘　　要：目的总结、评价灭鼠效果、经验和教训,为持续巩固灭鼠成果及鼠情反弹监控提供科学依据。方法自2005年开始,在口岸城区、郊区及野外阳性点区连续5年的灭鼠、灭蚤,在城区用溴敌隆毒饵,在郊区和野外用人工捕获法、堵洞、投磷化铝和建立砖制溴敌隆毒饵站隔离防护带;将5年前、5年间和5年灭鼠后的鼠情监测结果对比分析。结果 2009年在口岸城区鼠形动物密度由5年前的9.0%降至0.2%,褐家鼠密度由20.0%降至0,染蚤率由93.3%降为0,印鼠客蚤指数由16.27降为0,原有的优势鼠种及媒介印鼠客蚤现已消退,鼠形动物密度是口岸开放20年以来的最低;在郊区灭鼠区鼠形动物密度由6.0%下降到3.0%,野外阳性点大沙鼠密度也由原来的9.0只/hm2下降到2.3只/hm2。结论当前口岸灭鼠措施、技术和药物有效,消除了口岸鼠疫疫情发生的潜在风险;为巩固成果、监控鼠情反弹隐患,探讨了创建口岸鼠防安全五道防线屏障建设。Objective To collect data on from previous practices for sustainable rodent control and monitoring of potential rodent infestation. Methods Rodent and flea control measures were implemented for five consecutive years in urban,rural and wild locations since 2005. Bromadiolone baits were deployed in urban areas and the pests were manually captured,holes blocked,aluminium phosphide applied and isolation belts made up of bromadiolone bait sentinels built in the suburb and field areas. Rodent infestation monitoring results before,during and after the five-year control period were compared. Results The rodent density in the urban area dropped to 0.2% in 2009 from 9.0% five years ago,the Rattus norvegicus density to 0 from 20.0%,the flea infestation rate to 0 from 93.3%,and the index of Xenopsylla cheopis to 0 from 16.27. The previously dominant species disappeared including the vector Xe. cheopis. The rodent density hit a record low this year,since the opening of Alataw Pass with a decrease to 3.0% from 6.0% in the rural controlled area. Meanwhile,the Rhombomys opimus density decreased to 2.3/hm2 from 9.0/hm2 in positive field spots. Conclusion The current rodent control strategies have effectively eliminated the potential risk of human plague at Alataw Pass. The establishment of a quintuple anti-rodent guard system is discussed for sustainable rodent control and monitoring for potential infestations.

关 键 词：灭鼠效果 回顾 鼠情 

分 类 号：S443[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]