杀真菌剂咪鲜安对萼花臂尾轮虫的影响  

Effects of the fungicide prochloraz on the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus

作　　者：李大命[1] 陆正和[1] 封琦[1] 杨家新[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学生命科学学院,南京210046

出　　处：《生态学报》2011年第11期3163-3169,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30570260);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK2007225)

摘　　要：利用实验生态学方法,研究了不同浓度咪鲜安对萼花臂尾轮虫的毒性效应,分析了不同浓度(0.04、0.07、0.11、0.18、0.28、0.45、0.71、1.12mg/L)咪鲜安对萼花臂尾轮虫种群存活曲线、产卵量变化及其生活史特征的影响。结果表明:咪鲜安的24hLC50为7.9mg/L,在低浓度范围内(0.04—0.18mg/L)种群增长率(r)上升,每个雌体均产卵量从12上升到18个,种群呈增长趋势。高浓度咪鲜安(0.28—1.12mg/L)下,轮虫种群增长率(r)趋于下降,累积卵量下降,种群增长受到抑制,世代时间随浓度升高而延长。研究结果表明咪鲜安对萼花臂尾轮虫有一定的环境雌激素效应。Recent reports suggested that when certain contaminants are present in aquatic ecosystem at levels higher the threshold, they would disrupt endocrine functions of a variety of aquatic invertebrates including rotifers. Prochloraz （C15H16 C13N302） was a new broad-spectrum fungicide developed by England Boots Company （now called Agro Evo） in 1974, and launched into the market in 1977. Previous studies have focused mainly on efficacy, toxicity, and fungicidal mechanism of prochloraz; however little information was available about its environmental hormone effect in aquatic ecosystem. This motivated us to use freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus, which was distributed widely in lakes, ponds, rivers and other such aquatic ecosystems, as test species to examine whether the fungicide prochloraz can affect the population growth and cumulative egg production in the rotifers and show environmental activity. The effect of prochloraz on reproduction and life cycle characteristics in the rotifer B. calyc^orus was studied by using experimental methods under laboratory conditions. Neonate females of B. calyciflorus were （ 0 - 2 h old ） hatched from resting eggs in EPA medium. This rotifer strain was originally collected ih Huai-an, Jiangsu Province in China during 2002, and since then it has been cultured in the laboratory continuously with periodic collection and storage of resting eggs. Chlorella pyrenoidosa （ cultured in HB4 medium at 25℃ ） was fed to B. calyciflorus at a density 3.0×106cells/mL at 25℃. in 3 L bags under fluorescent illumination of 4000 lux and photo period was 16：8 （L ：D）. The results showed that 24h median lethal concentration （24hLC50） value of prochloraz for B. calyciflorus was 7.09 mg/L, and exhibited a linear regression relationship Y= 20. 6581X- 12. 5673 （ R2 = 0. 93） , 95% limits are 6. 95-7. 21 mg/L. Survival curves were lower in treatment groups than that in control, and they decreased with increasing chemical concentrations. Prochloraz decreased the produ

关 键 词：萼花臂尾轮虫 咪鲜安 环境雌激素 毒性试验 种群动态 

分 类 号：S482.2[农业科学—农药学]