露水对植物的作用效应研究进展  

Review of dew action effect on plants

作　　者：叶有华[1,2] 彭少麟[2] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市环境科学研究院,深圳518001 [2]中山大学有害生物控制及资源利用国家重点实验室,广州510275

出　　处：《生态学报》2011年第11期3190-3196,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金长期项目(30670385);国家自然科学基金联合项目(U0633002);地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室(北京师范大学)开放基金(2009-KF-09)

摘　　要：概述了国内外露水对植物作用效应争议的两个方面,一是露水有利于促进植物生长,二是露水对植物生长具有负效应。前者主要包括干旱胁迫下植物生长重要的水资源、调节植物体内水分、改善土壤水分平衡、调节森林植物生长环境、有利于农作物管理及其病虫害防治等生态效益;后者包括导致植物发病、降低植物产量和质量等。指出了露水对植物作用效应研究存在的问题,并提出了今后研究的方向:(1)露水对植物作用效应的机理研究;(2)干扰条件下露水对植物作用效应研究包括酸露对植物作用效应研究和城市热岛条件下露水对植物作用效应研究;(3)露水对植物多样性的影响研究;(4)露水在生物防治中的应用研究。Dew is one of the important water resources on the earth and is beneficial to the survival, growth and development of the plants based on the arid and semiarid environment. The disputed effects of dew on plants, beneficial and harmful, were reviewed in this study. The beneficial effects mainly consist of five aspects ： （ 1 ） Supplying important water resource. In the arid and semiarid regions or in the dry season, dew is the main or the only water resource because of its higher frequency and sustaining time comparing with the precipitation, which keeps the organic synthesis and metabolism, accelerates the increase of biomass in plants. （2） Regulating inner water of plants. The function of dew on regulating inner water of plants includes the following several aspects based on related studies： helping plant to rapidly activate photosynthetic activity during desiccation and rehydration; supplying a moisture environment in repairing embryo DNA of seeds, maintaining seed viability under harsh desert conditions ; regulating the transpiration pressure and helping the wilting plant arrive a higher steady restoration state ; etc. （3） Improving water balance of soil. There is an indirect effect of dew on plant through improving water balance of soil. On one hand, dew forms on the soil surface or drops into the soil from the nearby plants, becoming an importing water resource. On the other hand, the soil evaporation decreases along with dew event appears, leading a mitigation of soil water tension to some extent. （4） Regulating growing environment of forest plants. The regulation effect appears on canopy firstly, and then into the forest. Dew deposition increases the water resource of forest, improves its water cycle. Along with the dew deposition and evaporation, the forest micro-climate changes, especially the wind speed, moisture and heat. Dew, as a medium, is concerned with the water-heat exchange process of the forest. （5） Dew was used widely in the performing process of foliage dressing, defoli

关 键 词：露水 植物 作用效应 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]