基于景观格局的锦州湾沿海经济开发区生态风险分析  

Assessment of ecological risk of coastal economic developing zone in Jinzhou Bay based on landscape pattern

作　　者：高宾[1,2] 李小玉[1] 李志刚[1] 陈玮[1] 何兴元[1] 齐善忠[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [2]山东师范大学人口资源与环境学院,济南250014

出　　处：《生态学报》2011年第12期3441-3450,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(40830746);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-342-3)

摘　　要：以辽宁省锦州湾沿海经济开发区为研究区,利用1992、2000和2007年3个时期的TM遥感影像为数据源,通过计算各景观格局指数,引入生态风险指数,利用G IS和地统计学,对生态风险指数进行采样和空间插值,得到基于景观格局的生态风险分布图。运用相对指标法对生态风险指数进行分级,将研究区域划分为低生态风险区、较低生态风险区、中等生态风险区、较高生态风险区和高生态风险区5个等级,在此基础上通过将不同时期的生态风险图层进行叠加运算,分析了研究区景观生态风险的时空变化情况。结果表明:近15 a来研究区生态风险主要以中等程度为主;处于低、较低生态风险程度的区域面积变化不大,空间分布也一直位于西部低山丘陵地区;较高生态风险区域面积增加较为显著,主要发生在兴城市和绥中县东南沿海地区;高生态风险区面积随着未利用地和芦苇湿地等高生态脆弱性景观类型面积的减少而略有下降。The ecological risk assessment is currently the advanced method and concept to study the relationship between regional eco-environment and development, but the theoretical research on it is still in its initial phase at present. The quantitative expressions of risk receptor, risk sources and risk effect are the key problems in the theoretical system of ecology risk assessment. Regional ecological risk assessment offers scientific suggestions for ecological risk management. It is used to describe and evaluate the possibility and degree of damage that might be taken to the structure and function of ecological system by environmental pollution, human activities and natural disasters on regional scale. The human economic activities are mainly carried out on the level of landscape, therefore, landscape has become the appropriate scale to study the impact of human on environment. In the landscape dominated by human activities, the ecological effects generated by different land use patterns and intensities usually are regional and accumulative, and they will be reflected directly on the structure and composition of the ecological system. Therefore, we can assess the various potential human influences and their consequences by the structure of the ecological system. structure and ecological influences by statistical analysis, and and ecological risk decision making. We can establish the relationship between ecological system the results can make good help for environmental management Taking the coastal economic developing zone in Jinzhou Bay as studying area, using theremote sensing images of Landsat TM in 1992, 2000 and 2007 as the main date source, the ecological risk index was constructed based on the calculation o~ the landscape pattern indices, and the distribution level of ecological risk was mapped based on ecological risk index values by GIS and geostatistics. The ecological risk of studying area was classified into five levels, i.e. extremely low ecological risk, low ecological risk, moderate ecological risk, h

关 键 词：锦州湾 景观格局 生态风险 变异函数 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]