玛纳斯河流域绿洲盐漠带适生植物筛选及物种多样性研究  

Analysis on Species Diversity and Plant Selection in Salinization-desert Zone of Oasis in Manas River Valley

作　　者：潘旭东[1] 吴英翔[1] 张凤华[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《农学学报》2011年第3期34-37,共4页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金课题"准噶尔盆地沙漠增温效应对绿洲热量资源分异规律的研究"(30760105);石河子大学高层次人才计划"玛纳斯河流域绿洲-荒漠交错带盐生植物筛选及恢复研究"(RCZX200719)

摘　　要：通过筛选适生植物,为退化盐漠带生态系统恢复与重建提供参考物种,达到提高绿洲生态系统稳定性的目的。在盐漠带植物种群结构组成、物种多样性及生态位宽度方面进行了综合分析。结果表明,猪毛菜,柽柳,盐爪爪,骆驼蓬在植物种群生态特征方面优势明显,在盐渍化环境下适应能力较强;结合生态位宽度综合分析,得出土壤盐分维最大,为0.5832,其次是有机质、全氮、水分,综合值分别为0.4800、0.4379与0.2201。由此得出,骆驼蓬、柽柳、猪毛菜、盐爪爪为优势适生种;盐漠带植物物种多样性不高,主要受到盐分与水分限制。Natural plant was studied in salinization-desert zone in Manas river valley. The dominant species in salinization areas can improve ecological stability and maintain high productivity in the farm; Through the analysis of plant species composition, community diversity and niche breadth, dominant species were selected and its species diversity were studied; Peganum harmala L., Tamarix hispida, Salsola collina, Kalidium foliatum as dominant species; From the analysis, the niche breadth of soil salinity, organic matter, total nitrogen and soil water content respectively were 0.5832, 0.4800, 0.4379 and 0.2201. It shows that natural plants this areas adapt to saline environment, especially Peganum harmala L, Tamarix hispida, Salsola collina, Kalidium foliatum; the species diversity, was not high in salinization-desert zone, limited by salt and water. Peganum harmala L, Tamarix hispida,Salsola collina, Kalidium foliatum as dominant species were selected, it can help to steady and restore the degraded ecosystems in salinization-desert zone.

关 键 词：盐漠带 适生植物 物种多样性 绿洲稳定性 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]