我国优秀短道运动员耐力素质及其训练特征  

A Study on Endurance and Training Characteristic of China Short Track Elite Skaters

作　　者：夏娇阳[1] 翟强[2] 张晓明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)体育部,山东青岛266555 [2]中国农业大学体育与艺术教学部,北京100083

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2011年第5期126-128,共3页Journal of Beijing Sport University

摘　　要：目的:探讨我国优秀短道速度滑冰运动员有氧和无氧耐力素质能力的现状和特征,及其在训练中的主要体现。方法:以22名我国优秀短道速滑运动员为测试对象,在训练周期开始阶段及年度训练强度课及比赛后,采用气体代谢和血乳酸测试方法对运动员进行无氧阈、最大摄氧量和最大乳酸耐受值等指标测量。结果:无氧阈时期的心率值男女队员之间不存在显著性差异,与参照值存在非常显著性差异(p<0.01);无氧阈时期的摄氧量值男女及与参照值比较未出现差异;最大摄氧量值低于国内外优秀耐力运动员,与国内同项目研究结果无差异;最大乳酸耐受力值较高,男女无差异,高于参照值(p<0.05),训练中主要以速度耐力滑和速度强度滑为主。结论:我国优秀短道运动员的无氧阈(VT)值处于中等偏上水平,但是最大摄氧量能力并不突出;优秀短道运动员具有较高的无氧糖酵解能力,训练中主要是以冰上速度耐力和速度强度训练为主要内容。Objective：To investigate the status and characteristic of both aerobic and anaerobic endurance capacity of short track skaters,and their embodiment in training.Methods： The 22 China elite skaters are tested by the measure of Gas Metabolism and BLA for VT,V·O2max and others at the beginning and middle of season.Results：There are no significant difference between two groups,but be opposite with referent value in HR of VT（p〈0.01）.The V·O2 in anaerobic threshold（VT）are no significant difference between different events,but the short track skaters are lower than national and international long distance athletes in V·O2max,no different with national skaters.The maximum BLA of short track are higher than referent values（p〈0.01）,and no different between two groups.Conclusion：The anaerobic threshold（VT）of short track are above average,but no good performance in VO2max.Short track skaters have high level anaerobic metabolism and resistance of muscle maximum BLA,and the speed endurance and maximum speed are the main contents in their training.

关 键 词：短道速度滑冰 耐力素质 训练特征 

分 类 号：G862.12[文化科学—体育训练]