柴油和燃料油在风化模拟过程中物理化学特性的比较  

Comparison of physicochemical characteristics between diesel oil and fuel oil during simulation of weathering

作　　者：李思源[1] 赵彦[1] 周永生[1] 黄伟林[1] 陈西余[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市计量质量检测研究院,广东深圳518131

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2011年第3期321-323,共3页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划(2006BAC11B03)

摘　　要：溢油风化模拟实验是溢油预测和应急处理的重要基础。通过自制的溢油风化模拟系统在深圳进行室外溢油风化模拟实验,研究了我国南海产的柴油和燃料油风化过程中外部形态、运动粘度、密度、水分含量等方面的变化。结果表明,风化过程中,柴油颜色不断加深,并在液面形成"球状物",燃料油则形成稳定的"巧克力冻"。柴油和燃料油的运动粘度、水分均随风化时间增大,最后趋于稳定,但燃料油运动粘度变化幅度约为柴油的22倍。燃料油的最大水分含量为74.83%,柴油水分含量仅0.056%。柴油的密度随风化时间增大,然后趋于稳定,而燃料油的密度先增大后减小,最后趋于稳定。这些研究为海上溢油预警预测和溢油鉴别提供了参考。The simulation experiment of spilled oil weathering is important for the spilled oil forecast and response.Through the simulation experiment with simulation system of spilled oil weathering in the open air of Shenzhen,the variation tendency of appearance,kinematics viscosity,density,water content of diesel oil and fuel oil during the weathering of fuel oil and diesel oil from South China Sea were studied.The Results showed that the color of the diesel oil became more and more darken and globular object was formed on the surface of the liquid.The stable ＂chocolate mousse＂ was formed during the weathering of the fuel oil.The kinematics viscosity and water content in the diesel oil and fuel oil were increased with time,and were stable at last.The amplitudes of variation of kinematics viscosity of the fuel oil are 22 times as diesel oil.The largest water content in the fuel oil was 74.83 percent,but in the diesel oil was only 0.056 percent.The density of the diesel oil is increased with time and kept stable at last.The research could provide the reference for forecast and identification of the spilled oil at sea.

关 键 词：柴油 燃料油 风化模拟 物理化学特性 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]