大襟岛海域中华白海豚体内的重金属含量测定与评价  

Contents and evaluation of heavy metals in Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin(Sousa chinensis) in Dajin Island water of South China Sea

作　　者：鲁慧[1] 方展强[1] 周海云[2] 安东 王安利[1] 杨邦雄 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学生命科学学院,广东省高等学校生态与环境科学重点实验室,广东广州510631 [2]中山大学测试中心,广东广州510275 [3]珠海淇澳-担杆岛省级自然保护区管理处,广东珠海519000

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2011年第3期380-384,共5页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2009B030600006);珠海市科技计划项目(PC20081050)

摘　　要：采用原子吸收分光光度法和双道原子荧光光谱法对2头中华白海豚的肌肉、肝脏、肾脏、心脏、肺脏、肠管道、脂肪、睾丸、卵巢、胃和胰脏等器官组织样品中的重金属含量进行测定,并使用标准物作了对照分析。结果显示,中华白海豚体内各器官组织中的Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn、Ni、Cd、Cr、Pb和As的平均含量分别为(26.97~1 310.46)×10-6、(5.46~229.43)×10-6、(ND^18.08)×10-6、(0.12~15.76)×10-6、(ND^7.66)×10-6、(ND^6.10)×10-6、(ND^2.20)×10-6、(ND^1.32)×10-6和(ND^10.84)×10-6(干重)。中华白海豚体内重金属含量高低的基本趋势是Fe>Zn>Cu>Mn>Ni>As>Cr>Cd>Pb。结果表明,中华白海豚的肝脏和肾脏是重金属的主要积累器官,脂肪对重金属的负荷力最小。与厦门港、北海、香港海域的中华白海豚体内重金属含量相比,大襟岛海域的个体其含量低于北海和香港个体,与厦门港个体的重金属含量差别较大。厦门港、北海、香港海域和大襟岛海域的中华白海豚体内重金属积累规律基本一致。The contents of heavy metals in muscle,liver,kidney,heart,lung,intestines,fat,testicle,ovary,stomch and pancreas in Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin（Sousa chinensis） of Dajing Island water were investigated.The contents of iron（Fe）,zinc（Zn）,copper（Cu）,manganese（Mn）,nickel（Ni）,cadmium（Cd）,chromium（Cr）,lead（Pb） and arsenic（As） in all organs and tissues were measured with the atomic absorption spectrophotometer and double path atomic fluorescence spectrophotometer,respectively.The standard reference materials ＂Standard Oyster Tissue 1566 were also digested and analyzed with atomic absorption spectrophotometer and double path atomic fluorescence spectrophotometer for quality control.The results showed that the average contents of Fe,Zn,Cu,Mn,Ni,Cd,Cr,Pb and As in different tissues were（26.97~1 310.46）×10-6,（5.46~229.43）×10-6,（ND^18.08）×10-6,（0.12~15.76）×10-6,（ND^7.66）×10-6,（ND^6.10）×10-6,（ND^2.20）×10-6,（ND^1.32）×10-6 and（ND^10.84）×10-6（dry weight）,respectively.Nine heavy metals contents in Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin were in order of FeZnCuMnNiAsCrCdPb.The results showed that the liver in Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin was the main accumulated organ for the heavy metals,and the blubber has the least burthen.Compared with Xiamen,Beibu Gulf and Hongkong′s,the mean contents of heavy metals in Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin of Dajin Island waters was lower than Beibu Gulf and Hongkong,and has obvious differences for different heavy metals.The content characteristic of heavy metals in Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin was consistent in the four marine areas.

关 键 词：大襟岛海域 中华白海豚 重金属含量 污染 

分 类 号：Q331[生物学—遗传学]