预防接种安全注射现状及影响因素分析  

Study on the safe EPI injections and its influencing factors

作　　者：周吉坤[1] 于竞进[2] 程峰 张荣珍 王若涛[4] 王钊[2] 

机构地区：[1]石家庄市卫生防疫站,050011 [2]卫生部疾病控制司 [3]湖北省卫生防疫站 [4]中国预防医学科学院

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》1999年第6期373-376,共4页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

摘　　要：目的　本研究旨在通过对湖北省应城和云梦两县预防接种安全注射开展情况和影响因素进行调查研究，为推动我国农村地区预防接种安全注射的实施提供经验。方法　应用定性和定量相结合的研究方法，对管理者、服务提供者和被服务对象进行调查。结果　发现两县不安全注射率为８８ ．１ ％ ，在不安全注射中，单纯消毒不正确占１７％ ，单纯注射不正确占４０ ％ ，两者都不正确占４３ ％ 。结论　影响预防接种不安全注射的因素是多方面的，接种器材的不足是客观影响预防接种安全注射实施的重要条件，但不是决定因素。Objective This study looks at the status of EPI injection practices and factors influencing safe injections in Yingcheng city and Yunmeng county of Hubei Provinces. Methods Three types of informants were identified: programme managers,service providers, and consumers (community). Following this, a rapid participatory appraisal was carried out. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected and analyzed. Results Results showed that safe injection in the two counties had not been carried out well with still 88.1% unsafe injection practices. Main practices influencing safe injections were improper sterilization of equipment (17%), incorrect injection practices (40%) and a combination of the two (43%). Conclusion Data showed that lack of equipment was not the only key aspect affecting safe injections, but also the incorrect knowledge among health worders about safe injections,lacking inadequate awareness and social supervision from the community, as well as weak supervision from the higher level.

关 键 词：预防接种 安全注射 影响因素 

分 类 号：R187[医药卫生—流行病学]