土壤重金属Pb和Cd在小白菜中的富集特征及产地环境安全临界值  

Soil Pb and Cd Accumulation Characteristics of Pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.) and their Environmental Critical Values in Pakchoi Production Area for Food Security

作　　者：杨菲[1] 吴琦[1] 季辉[1] 张卫建[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学应用生态研究所,南京210095 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2011年第13期194-198,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划(2006BAD02A15;2007BAD89B12);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200803028)

摘　　要：探究蔬菜对土壤重金属的富集特征及植株重金属含量与土壤环境含量的关系,对无公害蔬菜生产及其安全产地适宜性评价至关重要。通过盆栽方法,研究了不同土壤条件下(水稻土和潮土)小白菜可食部分对Pb和Cd的富集特征,并探讨了Pb与Cd在产地土壤环境中的安全临界值。结果表明,不同土壤条件下,小白菜可食部分对Pb和Cd的累积量均随处理浓度的增加呈递增趋势。和对照相比,2种土壤中小白菜可食部分Pb的最高含量分别提高了18.31倍和9.49倍,Cd的最高含量分别提高了15.4倍和10.04倍。同一处理水平下,水稻土中的Pb和Cd比潮土中的更易被植物富集。水稻土中小白菜可食部分Pb含量是潮土中的2.54倍,Cd含量则是潮土中的1.92倍。依据国家食品污染物限量标准(GB2762—2005)进行方程拟合,得出种植小白菜的水稻土中Pb和Cd的安全临界值分别为36.54mg/kg和0.30mg/kg,低于或等于国家土壤环境安全标准限制的临界值(HJ332—2006)。潮土中Pb和Cd的安全临界值分别为110.21mg/kg和1.09mg/kg,高于国家土壤环境安全标准限制的临界值(HJ332—2006)。It is very important to explore the enrichment characteristics of soil heavy mental by vegetable and the relationship between heavy metal content in vegetable and in soil.The experiment was conducted to study the dose-response relationship of soil lead （Pb） and cadmium （Cd） concentration with their uptakes by Pakchoi （Brassica chinensis L.）,as well as their environmental critical values in Pakchoi production area for food security.The results showed that：generally,the contents of Pb and Cd in the edible parts of Pakchoi increased along with the concentrations of soil Pb and Cd in two soils （alluvial soil and paddy soil）.Compared with the control,the highest contents of Pb in the edible parts of Pakchoi increased by 18.31 and 9.49 times,and the highest contents of Cd increased by 15.4 and 10.04 times in the two types of soil,respectively.Pb and Cd in the paddy soil were easily enriched by the crop than in the alluvial soil.Pb and Cd concentrations in the edible parts of Pakchoi in the paddy soil were 2.54 and 1.92 times higher than those in the alluvial soil,respectively,under the same treatment level.Based on the national standards for maximum levels of heavy metal contaminants in foods （GB 2762-2005）,the environmental critical values of soil Pb and Cd in the paddy field were calculated as 36.54 mg/kg and 0.3 mg/kg,respectively,which were equal or lower than those in National standards of soil security （HJ 332-2006）.The environmental critical values of soil Pb and Cd in the alluvial field were calculated as 110.21 mg/kg and 1.09 mg/kg,respectively,which were higher than those in national standards of soil security （HJ 332-2006）.

关 键 词：小白菜 土壤重金属 PB CD 富集 临界值 

分 类 号：X503.231[环境科学与工程—环境工程]