北疆地区滴灌春小麦干物质积累、分配与转运特征研究  

Characteristics of Accumulation,Allocation and Transaction of Dry Matter in Spring Wheat under Drip Irrigation in Northern Xinjiang

作　　者：程裕伟[1] 任辉 马富裕[1] 冯治磊[1] 王谊[1] 张涛[1] 廖江[1] 樊华[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院/新疆兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,石河子832003 [2]新疆兵团农八师144团,石河子832000

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第2期133-139,共7页Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)

摘　　要：2008-2009年在石河子地区通过小区试验和大田调查试验相结合的方式,初步研究了滴灌春小麦地上干物质积累、分配与转运的特征。结果表明：滴灌小麦全株、穗干物质积累呈现＂S＂型曲线,叶片、茎鞘呈单峰曲线;滴灌小麦的干物质有效积累积温（GDDEDMA）为1180.14℃,干物质高速积累持续积温（GDDHDMA）为670.68℃。与漫灌小麦相比,达到最大干物质积累速率所需要的有效积温（GDD）少83.38℃,积温产出率（PEGDD）高2.42（kg/hm2）/℃,滴灌小麦不仅具有较高的生物产量,而且叶片、穗干物质的分配率、输出量、转换率均高于漫灌小麦。滴灌小麦的产量显著高于漫灌小麦,产量增幅为10.89%~18.63%,千粒重提高了4.47~6.47 g。Field survey and fixed position experiment were conducted to understand the characteristics of biomass accumulation,allocation and transaction of spring wheat watered with drip irrigation in Shihezi.Results showed that dry matter and the spike accumulation of spring wheat were consistent with the typical ＂S＂ curve,while a parabola of quadratic function was detected in the change of leaf and stem during growth.The growth degree days of effective dry matter accumulation（GDDEDMA） of spring wheat watered with drip irrigation was 1180.14 ℃,and the growth degree days of high-speed dry matter accumulation（GDDHDMA） was 670.68 ℃.The growth degree days（GDD） of spring wheat watered with drip irrigation was 83.38℃ lower,while wheat production efficiency during growth degree days（PEGDD） was 2.42（kg/hm2）/℃ higher than flood irrigation when spring wheat reached the highest dry matter accumulation rate.Compared with wheat watered with flood irrigation,spring wheat watered with in drip irrigation has higher biomass accumulation,leaf and spike allocation rate,leaf and spike output and transaction rate.Yield and 1000-grain weight of spring wheat under drip irrigation was 10.89%~18.63% and 4.47~6.47 g higher than flood irrigation.

关 键 词：春小麦 滴灌 干物质 积累 分配 转运 

分 类 号：S512.12[农业科学—作物学]