社会养老和家庭养老两种方式对老年人日常生活能力的影响及护理  

Comparative study and nursing intervention on the actives of daily Hying of the elderly in different styles of providing for the aged

作　　者：宋亚军[1] 张保利[2] 王红霞[1] 李菲菲[3] 赵丽俊[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京回龙观医院2科4区,100096 [2]北京回龙观医院老年科19区,100096 [3]北京回龙观医院护理部,100096

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2011年第15期1769-1771,共3页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的探讨社会养老和家庭养老两种方式对老年人日常生活能力的影响，分析其相关因素，并进行相应的护理干预。方法采用ADL（日常生活能力）、PADL（生理性日常生活能力）、IADL（工具性日常生活能力）量表及自制的一般情况调查量表，对662例年龄为60—100岁社会养老和620例年龄为60～98岁北京城区家庭养老者进行评定。结果社会养老组和家庭养老组的ADL得分相当，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。与年龄、教育程度、健康状况有明显的相关性（OR=3．05，95％CI．1．805—2．935;OR=2．01，95％CI：1．512-2．544；OR=1．25，95％CI：1．524—2．012）。结论年龄是影响日常生活能力的最重要的因素（OR=3．05，95％CI：1．805—2．935），不同养老方式下老年人的日常生活能力没有明显的不同。但是培养外向开朗的性格、广泛的兴趣爱好，积极锻炼，提高教育文化水平，有利于老年人日常生活能力的保持，在护理中应该加强相应方面的训练。Objective To compare the actives of daily living of the elderly in different styles of providing and analyze its related factors. Methods 662 subjects were in range of 60 - 100 years old living in the organization for the aged and 620 subjects were in the range of 60 - 98 years old living at home from Beijing urban area. They were evaluated with the activities of daily living rating scale and a self-designed health status questionnaire. Results The total scores of ADL were not significantly difference between the elderly living at home and living in the organization （ t = - 0. 299, P 〉 0. 05. But age, educational level, physical health were possible the influential factors （ OR = 3. 05, 95% CI： 1. 805 - 2. 935 ; OR = 2. 01, 95% CI： 1. 512 - 2. 544 ; OR = 1.25, 95 % CI： 1. 524 - 2. 012）. Conclusions Age is the important factors affecting ADL （ OR = 3.05 95% CI： 1. 805 - 2. 935 ）, the aetives of daily living of the elderly in different styles of providing is not significantly difference. But it is beneficial to keep the aetives of daily living of the elderly that culturing extroverted character and extensive interest, acting exercise, promoting educational level. So we ought to strengthenthat in nursing care.

关 键 词：老年人 养老方式 日常生活能力 护理干预 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]