2006-2009年土源性线虫病监测分析  

Analysis on the epidemiological situation of soil-transmitted nematode infections at monitoring spots from 2006 to 2009

作　　者：陈颖丹[1] 臧炜[1] 张雪强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所,上海200025

出　　处：《国际医学寄生虫病杂志》2011年第3期173-177,共5页International JOurnal of Medical Parasitic Diseases

摘　　要：目的了解2006—2009全国土源性线虫病监测点情况。方法2006-2009每年9—11月在22个土源性线虫病监测点采集年龄3周岁以上的常住居民的粪便，采用改良加藤厚涂片法（一粪三检）检查蛔虫、鞭虫和钩虫虫卵；对3～12周岁儿童的粪便加做透明胶纸肛拭法检测蛲虫虫卵；采集人群家庭的菜园、庭院、厨房及厕所周边的土壤样本，镜检土壤样本中受精或未受精的蛔虫虫卵，土壤培养法区分受精蛔虫虫卵的存活与否。结果2006-2009年，22个土源性线虫病监测点共累计调查90957人次，人群土源性线虫感染率依次为20．9％、18．9％、16．6％和13．3％，呈逐年下降趋势。其中女性感染率历年均略高于男性。儿童是土源性线虫的高感染人群，2006-2009年人群蛔虫感染率依次为10．1％、8．9％、7．4％和6．4％，鞭虫感染率依次为5．9％、5．7％、6．6％和5．2％，钩虫感染率依次为8．9％、9．0％、6．8％和5．8％，3—12周岁儿童蛲虫感染率依次为10．0％、10．0％、7．4％和7．0％。2006—2009年22个监测点土壤人蛔虫卵检出率依次为37．1％、29．5％、25．9％和31．3％，表明污染状况基本处于同一水平。结论22个监测点的人群土源性线虫感染率逐年下降，但高感染地区依然存在，各地仍需开展监测工作。Objective To understand and analyze the epidemiological situation of soil-transmitted nematode infections at monitoring spots. Methods The stool samples of the residents at 22 monitoring spots were collected and examined for Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and hookworms with modified Kato- Katz thick smear ＂one stool specimen-three slides＂ from September to November from 2006 to 2009, and additional adhesive cellophane anal swab method was applied for examining the eggs of Enterobius vermicularis in children aged 3 - 12, other parasite species detected were registered as well. Soil samples were collected for microscopic examination on fertilized or unfertilized ascaris eggs, and identification of live and dead fertilized asearis eggs at each monitoring spot. Results The total of 90 957 persons from 22 monitoring spots were investigated from 2006 to 2009, the yearly infection rates of soil-transmitted nematode were 20.9% , 18.9% , 16.6% and 13.3% respectively, showing a declined tendency. The infection rate of soil-transmitted nematode was higher in the females than that in the males. Children were still the high risk population for soil-transmitted nematode infection. The yearly infection rates of A. lumbricoides were 10.1% , 8.9% , 7.4% and 6.4%. The yearly infection rates of T. trichiura were 5.9% , 5.7% , 6.6% and 5.2%. The yearly infection rates of hookworms were 8.9%, 9.0%, 6.8% and 5.8% from 2006 to 2009. While the yearly infection rates of Enterobius vermicularis were 10.0% , 10.0% , 7.4% and 7.0% respectively in children aged 3-12 from 2006 to 2009. The result of soil sampling survey showed that the detection rates of ascaris eggs in the soil were 37. 1% , 29.5%, 25.9% and 31.3%, indicating persistent contamination of ascaris eggs in the soil. Conclusion According to the 4 years monitoring, the infection rate of soil-transmitted nematodes was declined year by year, but the infection rate of soil-transmitted nematodes was still high in some highly epidemic areas. It is necessary to continue m

关 键 词：土源性线虫病 监测点 监测情况 

分 类 号：R532.101[医药卫生—内科学]