无氨复合凝胶的制备及其胶凝特性  

Synthesis of Ammonia-free Compound Gel and Its Gelation Characterization

作　　者：于水军[1,2] 贾博宇[2] 兀帅东 

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学 [2]河南省煤矿瓦斯与火灾防治重点实验室,河南焦作454003 [2]河南理工大学安全科学与工程学院,河南焦作454003 [3]义马煤业集团股份有限公司,河南义马472300

出　　处：《科技导报》2011年第16期35-38,共4页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目(IRT0618);国家安监总局煤矿安全生产科技发展计划项目(08-149);河南省基础与前沿技术研究计划项目(082300463205,09230041004);河南省教育厅自然科学基金项目(2007620004)

摘　　要：为了提高凝胶的防灭火性能及热稳定性,用光电分析法研究了新型无氨复合凝胶的胶凝特性。采用光电法测出无氨复合凝胶的成胶时间,分析温度对复合凝胶成胶时间影响,并在同环境下对比了普通凝胶和复合凝胶的热稳定性。结果表明,复合凝胶的成胶时间随环境温度的升高而缩短,且环境温度对成胶时间的影响程度与复合胶凝剂的质量分数有关,影响程度为:6%的胶凝剂>8%的胶凝剂>10%的胶凝剂。Na2SiO3·nH2O溶液中添加含有多种Lewis酸的复合胶凝剂后,中和了硅酸胶团的电荷,破坏硅酸胶团的融合膜,促使胶粒发生沉聚而转变为有弹性的凝胶,并且复合胶凝剂的粒度为破碎多面体,进而增加了比表面积,增加了吸水量,提高了热稳定性。In order to improve fire extinguishing properties and thermal stability of gel, the gelation characteristics of ammonia-free compound gel were investigated by photoelectric analysis. The gelling time of ammonia-free compound gel was measured by photoelectric method and the effect of temperature on gelling time of compound gel was analyzed and the thermal stability of plain gel and compound gel were compared with each other in different environments. The results show that the gelling time of compound gel shortens rapidly with temperature increasing and the influence of environmental temperature on the gelling time has a relationship with the mass fraction of compound gel, the degree of influence is that 6% gelatinizing agent〉8% gelatinizing agent〉10% gelatinizing agent. Adding gelling agent composed of varied complex Lewis acid to Na2SiO3·nH2O solution could counteract the charge of the mieelle silicate, damage the fusion membrane of the micelle silicate, and promote colloidal particle coagulation in order to convert into full of flexibility. Because the composite gelling agent is crushing polyhedron, the increases of specific surface area and water absorption improve the thermal stability of the gel.

关 键 词：无氨 复合凝胶 成胶时间 热稳定性 

分 类 号：TQ569[化学工程—炸药化工]