喀斯特地区土地整理中的生物多样性保护  

Biodiversity protection in land consolidation in Karst areas

作　　者：谢苗苗[1] 李超[2] 刘喜韬[2] 付梅臣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)土地科学技术学院,北京100083 [2]国土资源部土地整理中心,北京100035

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2011年第5期313-319,I0007,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：中国-欧盟生物多样性项目(ECBP)-土地利用规划与土地整理中的生物多样性保护项目(00062998);国土资源部公益性行业科研专项(200911015)

摘　　要：以中国-欧盟生物多样性保护项目在贵州喀斯特地区的荔波示范区为研究区,提出土地整理项目中进行生物多样性保护的思路与方法。首先基于生态敏感度评价划分土地整理重点区、自然植被保育区、林缘植被保护区、河流生态重建区和生态廊道建设区等土地整理分区,其次依照耗费距离模型选择最小耗费路径构建生境廊道,依照景观生态学原理确定景观中需保护的关键生态节点,并通过地力恢复、灌排、道路与植被恢复等土地整理工程的生态化处理达成不同分区中的土地整理与生物多样性保护目标。以生物多样性保护为目标的土地整理项目规划协调了社会、经济与生态效益,为建立可持续的土地综合整治提供理念与方法的参考。A demonstration area for European Union-China Biodiversity Programme（ECBP） in Libo,Guizhou,China,as a representative karst area,was involved in this study.Firstly,the evaluation of ecological sensitivity was applied to regionalization for formulating the land consolidation strategies,including land consolidation zone,conservation zone of natural vegetation,conservation zone of forest edge,reconstruction zone of river ecosystem,and ecological corridor area.Secondly,by the ＇least-cost＇ modeling,the ecological corridors for enhancing the connectivity for protective animals were chosed.The hot spots in landscape were defined by the importance in ecosystem to be protected as habitat patches.Following the optimization of landscape pattern,ecological engineering including irrigation and drain engineering,restoration of land productive,vegetation reconstruction,and road layout were designed for biodiversity conservation.The results showed that the interdependence of cultural landscapes,landscape pattern and ecological infrastructure optimization in land consolidation project planning could coordinate the social,economic,and ecological benefits.This study can supply a theoretical reference and practical approach for biodiversity conservation in land consolidation planning.

关 键 词：土地整理 生物多样性 农田景观 喀斯特 贵州荔波 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]