论油污环境损害法律制度框架中的海洋生态公共利益诉求  

Discussion on Claim for Environmental Damages from Oil Spill with Regard to Marine Ecological Public Interests

作　　者：刘家沂[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局海洋发展战略研究所,北京100860

出　　处：《中国软科学》2011年第5期183-192,共10页China Soft Science

基　　金：2008年度科技部国家软科学研究计划面上项目"海洋生态损害的国家求偿法律机制与国际实践研究"(编号2008GXS5B100)

摘　　要：在油污环境损害的诉求中,环境价值减损能否索赔的问题在各国的海洋污染损害赔偿实践中都产生过争议。以各国际公约为代表的国际立法明确排除此类损害的赔偿,而以1990年《美国油污法》为代表的法律则认为此类损害可以赔偿。环境价值减损作为海洋生态损害的组成部分以及自然资源损失,属于公共利益诉求,应列入到赔偿范围之中。在油污环境损害的法律制度中,海洋生态公共利益诉求高于任何其它诉求,必须正确对待并予以立法上的改进和完善。The issue of utilizing loss of environmental value as a basis for claim in marine pollution caused by oil spill has raised great controversy worldwide.International legislations,represented by various international conventions,have clearly excluded compensation for such damage.Yet,other legislations,such as the ＂Oil Pollution Act of 1990＂ of the United States,have deemed that such damage is compensable.This article argues that loss of environmental value,as part of the marine ecological damages,and loss of natural resources should be included in the scope of the compensation as claim of public interests.Consequently,the article draws the conclusion that claim of public interests of marine ecosystem shall have precedence over any other claims in the legal system of environmental damages of oil spill.

关 键 词：油污环境损害 海洋生态 公共利益 

分 类 号：D922.29[政治法律—经济法学]