基质对人工湿地污水蒸发量及净化能力的影响  

Effect of substrates on evaporation and purification of wastewater in constructed wetland

作　　者：徐德福[1] 李映雪[1] 郑建伟[1] 赵晓莉[1] 方华[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学,江苏省大气环境监测与污染控制高技术研究重点实验室,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2011年第6期927-932,共6页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40901257);环保公益性行业科研专项(201009012);江苏省高等学校实践创新训练计划项目(09CX0021)

摘　　要：选择5种常见的人工湿地基质(土、沙、沙+土、有机质+沙和有机质+沙+土),研究了不同基质对污水蒸发量及净化能力的影响.结果表明,不同基质对污水的蒸发量存在差异,其大小顺序为:(有机质+沙+土)>(有机质+沙)>沙>土>(沙+土);有机质+沙+土和有机质+沙2种基质的污水蒸发量显著高于其他基质(P<0.05)并与其温度比较高有关.5种基质的温度存在差异,有机质+沙+土的温度显著高于土和沙两种基质的温度(P<0.05),有机质+沙+土的温度比土的温度高2.2℃;相关分析显示,基质的污水蒸发量与高锰酸钾指数去除率和氨氮去除率呈正相关,其中与氨氮去除率呈显著正相关(P<0.05).基质加入有机质可增加基质的温度,提高基质的污水蒸发量,有利于提高基质对有机物和氮的去除效率.The study investigated the effect of five common substrates（soil,sand,a mixture of soil and sand,a mixture of sand and organic matter,and a mixture of sand,soil and organic matter） on evaporation and purification of wastewater in constructed wetland.The evaporation capacities of wastewater in the substrates were different following the order of mixture of sand,soil and organic matter mixture of mixture of sand and organic matter sand soil mixture of sand soil.The evaporation capacity was significantly higher in the mixture of sand,soil and organic matter and the mixture of sand and organic matter than in the other three tested substrates（P0.05）,which was related to the substrate temperature.Temperatures of the five substrates were different and the mixture of sand,soil and organic matter had significantly high temperature compared with soil or sand（P0.05）.The temperature of the mixture of sand,soil organic matter was 2.2℃ higher than that of the soil.The correlation analysis showed that there was significantly positive correlation between the evaporation capacity of wastewater and the removal efficiency of NH4＋-N（P0.05）.The addition of organic matter can increase the temperature and evaporation capacity of wastewater in the substrate,which contribute to the enhanced removal efficiency of organic carbon and nitrogen in the wastewater.

关 键 词：人工湿地 基质 污水 温度 蒸发 净化能力 

分 类 号：X506[环境科学与工程—环境工程]