河西内陆河流域冰川融水近期变化  

Recent changes of glacier runoff in the Hexi Inland river basin

作　　者：高鑫[1,2] 张世强[1,2] 叶柏生[1,2] 高红凯[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《水科学进展》2011年第3期344-350,共7页Advances in Water Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)资助项目(2007CB411502);科技部科技基础性工作专项资助项目(2006FY110200);水利部公益性行业科研专项经费资助项目(200701046)~~

摘　　要：基于第一次中国冰川编目数据库,以国家气象台站的月降水与月气温资料为驱动数据,利用度日模型重建了河西内陆河流域各水系1961～2006年冰川物质平衡和融水径流序列,并与短期观测资料的对比验证表明,模型具有较高的可信度。河西内陆河流域1961～2006年平均冰川物质平衡为-49.5 mm/a,从东段石羊河流域到西段疏勒河、党河流域,物质平衡由强烈的负平衡向微弱的负平衡状态过渡。整个河西内陆河流域1961～2006年平均冰川融水径流量为10.2亿m3,冰川融水补给比重为14.1%。各流域冰川融水补给比重差异较大,西段的疏勒河、党河融水补给比重超过30%;北大河流域为22.9%;黑河流域各支流的融水补给比重在5%～15%之间;东段的石羊河流域融水补给率不到10%。46年冰川融水径流与其补给率均呈显著的增加趋势。Using monthly precipitation and temperature data from national meteorological stations and a digital vector map of modern glaciers from the Chinese Glacier Inventory,the glacier mass balance and glacier runoff in 1961-2006,in the Hexi Inland River Basin（HIRB）,China,are estimated based on a monthly degree-day model and compared with the observed data.The results suggest that the modified monthly degree-day model can simulate the long-term changes in glacier mass balance and glacier runoff.It was found that the mean annual glacier mass balance during 1961-2006 was-49.5 mm per year.In the west of HIRB,the glacier exhibited slight negative mass balance;while glaciers in the east experienced serious mass loss.The average annual glacier runoff was 1.02 billion m3 in 1961-2006.Over the entire basin,glacier runoff accounts for 14.1% of the total river flow.The prominent glacier runoff occurred in the Shule River and Danghe River,which accounts for 31.5% and 41.7% of the river flow,respectively.The results also show that glacier runoff accounts for 22.9% and 5%-15% of the river flow in Beida River and Heihe River,respectively and Shiyang River was less than 10%.Glacier runoff and its influence on river flow have increased in the last 46 years over HIRB.

关 键 词：冰川融水 物质平衡 度日模型 河西内陆河流域 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学]