酸性可染腈纶聚合工艺研究  

Polymerization process for acid dyeable polyacrylonitrile fiber

作　　者：徐静[1,2] 季春晓[3] 

机构地区：[1]东华大学材料科学与工程学院,上海201620 [2]高性能纤维及制品教育部重点实验室,上海201620 [3]中国石化上海石油化工股份有限公司腈纶事业部,上海200540

出　　处：《合成纤维工业》2011年第3期34-38,共5页China Synthetic Fiber Industry

摘　　要：采用水相悬浮聚合法,以醋酸乙烯酯(VAc)为第二单体,以甲基丙烯酸N,N二甲氨基乙酯(DE-MA)为第三单体与丙烯腈(AN)聚合,制得酸性可染的丙烯腈聚合物,经纺丝、拉伸制得酸性可染腈纶,研究了聚合工艺条件对丙烯腈聚合物及其纤维性能的影响。结果表明:AN:VAc:DEMA的质量比为85.4:11.7:2.9,总单体质量分数为20%,氧化剂质量分数(占总单体质量)为0.5%,氧化剂:还原剂摩尔比为1:1.5,β-羟乙基硫醇质量分数(占总单体质量)为0.15%,在搅拌速率350～400 r/min,反应体系pH值约为3.5,反应温度60℃、停留时间1h,可制得酸性染料染色饱和值约为7.4的丙烯腈聚合物,颗粒度与常规聚合物相似,其纤维的吸水性能远高于常规腈纶,吸水率为126%～132%,与进口酸性可染腈纶的接近。Acid dyeable polyacrylonitrile was produced from acrylonitrile （AN） using vinyl acetate （VAc） as the second monomer and N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate （DEMA） as the third monomer via aqueous susopension polymerization and was spun into acid dyeable polyacrylonitrile fibers prior to drawing. The effects of polymerization conditions on the properties of polyacrylonitrile and fibers thereof were studied. The results showed that polyacrylonitrile with the dye saturation value about 7.4 for acid dyestuff can be produced under the conditions as followed： AN ： VAc ： DEMA mass ratio of 85,4 ： 11.7 ： 2.9, 20% monomers by mass fraction, 0.5% oxidant by mass fraction based on the total monomer mass, mole ratio of oxidant and reductant 1 ： 1.5,0.15% β-hydroxyethyl mereaptan by mass fraction based on the total monomer mass, stirring rate 350 -400 r/min, pH value of the reaction system about 3.5, reaction temperature 60 ℃, resident time 1 h. The granularity of the obtained polymer was similar to that of traditional polymers. The resuhed fiber had the water absorption of 126% - 132% , considerably higher than traditional PAN fibers and approaching the level of imported acid dyeable PAN fibers.

关 键 词：聚丙烯腈纤维酸性可染水相悬浮聚合丙烯腈醋酸乙烯酯甲基丙烯酸N N-二甲氨基乙酯 

分 类 号：TQ342.31[化学工程—化纤工业]