氧疗对急性硫化氢中毒大鼠的心肌和肺及肝组织形态学的影响  

Effect of oxygen therapy on the morphology of cardiac muscle, lung and liver in rats with acute hydrogen sulfide intoxication

作　　者：杜旭芹[1] 王涤新[1] 吴娜[1] 郝凤桐[1] 周硕[1] 卢庆生[2] 刘建中[2] 张鹏[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院职业病与中毒医学科,北京100020 [2]北京市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2011年第5期338-342,共5页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：科技部科研院所社会公益项目（200802020）

摘　　要：目的评价不同氧疗技术（常压下不同浓度吸氧及高压氧）对急性硫化氢（H2S）中毒大鼠的心肌、肺、肝组织形态学的影响。方法雄性健康Wistar大鼠100只随机分为5组：正常对照组（吸入空气）、染毒组（H2S静式染毒60min）、33％氧疗组及50％氧疗组（染毒结束后20min内，将大鼠移置常压下含氧浓度为33％、50％的密闭透明罐中，吸氧100min）、高压氧组[染毒结束后20min内，将大鼠置于婴儿高压氧舱内，纯氧洗舱10min，升压10min至0．2MPa（2ATA）后稳压给氧60min，减压20min，共100min]，每组20只。各组在实验结束后立即解剖，取肺、心、肝组织，进行光学显微镜和电子显微镜观察。结果光学显微镜下可见，染毒组心肌肌丝断裂，排列不规则，胞质水肿，细胞核固缩。33％氧疗组、50％氧疗组、高压氧组心肌肌丝排列逐渐趋于规则、整齐，且肌细胞横纹渐显清晰。染毒组肺泡上皮细胞水肿，肺泡腔边缘不光滑，肺泡腔内可见炎性细胞渗出，33％、50％氧疗组肺泡间隔欠光滑，偶见肺泡水肿；高压氧组肺泡腔内未见渗出。染毒组肝板走形紊乱，细胞间隙增宽，偶见胞质水肿。33％、50％氧疗组肝板走行仍欠规则，其中33％氧疗组可见气球样变。高压氧组肝板放射状排列，胞浆均匀。电子显微镜下可见，染毒组心肌细胞线粒体肿胀，嵴模糊、断裂、自溶；高压氧组线粒体结构清晰，基本修复。染毒组肺泡上皮细胞细胞核中期凋亡，细胞器空泡化；高压氧组细胞核相对正常，仍有空泡化。染毒组肝细胞的胞质结构稀松，核膜不清，染色质结块、边集，线粒体轻度肿胀，出现吞噬体；氧疗各组均未见明显改善。结论H2S可引起心肌、肺泡上皮细胞、肝细胞的广泛而严重的损害，立即氧疗可明显减轻中毒引起的心肌损伤，对肺组织损伤有一定程度的改善，且高压Objective To evaluate the effects of different oxygen therapy technique （different concentrations of normobaric oxygen and the hyperbaric oxygen） on the uhrastructure of cardiac muscle, lung and liver in rats with acute hydrogen sulfide intoxication. Methods One hundred healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups： normal control group （A）, poisoned group （B）, oxygen therapy group （C）, oxygen therapy group （D） and oxygen therapy group （E）. After the exposure to 300 ppm H2S for 60 rain in a static exposure tank （ 1 m3） , the rats were treated with oxygen therapy, C, D and E groups were given 33% oxygen, 50% oxygen of atmospheric oxygen and hyperbaric oxygen therapy for 100 min, respectively. The rats in normal control group inhaled air under the same environment. After exposure and therapy, the tissues of lung, heart and liver were observed under light microscope and electron microscope. Results The results of light microscope examination showed that the broken and not well aligned cardiac myofilaments, cytoplasmic edema and pyknosis could be seen in group B. The well aligned and clear cardiac myofilaments appeared in group C, D and E. The alveolar hemorrhage, edema and inflammatory cells exudation could not be seen in group A. Alveolar epithelial cell edema, unsmooth alveolar edge and alveolar inflammatory cells exudation could be found in group B. The unsmooth alveolar septal borders and pulmonary edema could be seen occasionally in group C and D, the alveolar inflammatory cells exudation could not be seen in group E. The regular hepatic boards and the uniform hepatic cellular nuclei were found in group A. The disordered hepatic boards, widened cellular gaps and cytoplasmic edema could be seen occasionally in group B. The irregular hepatic boards and ballooning degeneration could be seen in group C and D. The regular hepatic boards and uniform cytoplasm could be found in group E. The results of electron microscope examination indicated that the mitochondrial swell

关 键 词：硫化氢 高压氧 氧吸入疗法 

分 类 号：R285.5[医药卫生—中药学]