由嵌段共聚物制备有形状的核壳结构聚合物纳米颗粒  

SHAPED CORE-SHELL NANOPARTICLES PREPARED FROM SELF-ASSEMBLY OF BLOCK COPOLYMERS

作　　者：秦江雷[1] 陈永明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院化学研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《高分子学报》2011年第6期572-585,共14页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(基金号50973119和21090353)资助项目

摘　　要：嵌段共聚物可自发组装形成形貌丰富的纳米粒子和有序纳米结构的材料,为纳米材料和纳米技术领域提供了很重要的新材料和新手段.该领域的进一步发展提出了对嵌段共聚物的自组装体赋予功能性的要求,即需要通过可控聚合反应合成反应性嵌段共聚物,并且对其自组装的纳米粒子进行结构、形状及功能性的调控.本文针对以上研究目标,结合本课题组在该领域的研究,先对反应性单体的可控自由基聚合及其嵌段共聚物的合成进行论述;进一步阐述了通过反应性嵌段共聚物的溶液及本体自组装体的化学或物理交联,实现了聚合物纳米粒子的简单制备和结构形貌调控;得到了结构和形貌丰富的核壳结构聚合物纳米粒子;获得了可设计和简便制备不同形貌聚合物纳米粒子的方法.Block copolymers can self-assemble into a variety of shaped nanoparticles and ordered nanomaterials either in solution or in bulk,which has great potential applications in areas of nanomaterial and nanotechnology.For further development of these areas,functionalization of the self-assembled nanoparticles was eagerly wanted.To mediate the structures,shapes and functions of these nanoparticles,well-defined functional block copolymers for self-assembly need to be synthesized with controlled polymerization.In this review,development on self-assembly of block copolymers is summarized based on related research progress in this group.Reactive block copolymers were synthesized by controlled radical polymerization first,then shaped core-shell polymer nanoparticles were prepared by self-assembly of reactive block copolymers either in solution or in bulk.After chemical or physical crosslinking,the morphologies of the nanoparticles can be fixed and then novel methods for preparation of core-shell polymer nanoparticless were obtained.

关 键 词：嵌段共聚物 核壳纳米粒子 自组装 ATRP RAFT 功能性纳米颗粒 

分 类 号：TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]