青海扁茎早熟禾种群变化特征  

Population characteristics of Poa pratensis cv. Qinghai

作　　者：伍磊[1,2] 周青平[1,2] 刘文辉[1] 颜红波[1] 贾志锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省畜牧兽医科学院草原所,青海西宁810016 [2]青海大学,青海西宁810013

出　　处：《草业科学》2011年第6期1070-1074,共5页Pratacultural Science

基　　金："现代农业产业技术体系建设专项"资金;公益性行业专项"青海牧区优质高效饲草生产利用技术研究与示范"(201003023);农业部"青藏高原牧草种质资源保护利用"(070401)

摘　　要：青海扁茎早熟禾(Poa pratensis cv.Qinghai)具有根系发达、适口性好、抗寒、耐旱等特点,通过对青海扁茎早熟禾栽培种群的冬眠构件、种群的地下生物量特征、生殖方式和种内竞争的分析和讨论得出,青海扁茎早熟禾地下生物量第1-4年呈逐年上升的趋势,第4年达到最大值(1 014 g/m2)后逐渐降低,第2年增长速度最快。冬眠苗和冬眠芽第1年数量最高,分别为185.8±25.34和137.67±28.97株,之后逐年降低。亲株数量第4年达到最大值(672.3±37.74株),呈先增多后降低的趋势。地下生物量最符合的曲线拟合模型为"S"曲线:y=e7.355-1.939/t(P<0.01),"S"曲线的时序为,第1年为调整期,第2年为对数期,第3年、第4年和第5年为稳定期,第6年后为衰退期。第1年和第2年进行无性繁殖,第3年和第4年进行有性繁殖,第5年和第6年有性繁殖和无性繁殖能力都衰退。草地植物的有性繁殖可能是导致无性繁殖衰退及栽培草地衰退的原因。Poa pratensis cv.Qinghai is palatable forage with strongly cold resistance and drought resistance due to strong root system.An experiment was conducted to determine the dormiens module,root biomass,reproduction and intraspecific competition of population characteristics of Poa.pratensis cv.Qinghai.This study showed the root biomass increased with the increase of growing years,and peaked at the fourth year with 1 014 g/m2 and then subsequently decreased as the growing year increased.The dormiens seedlings and buds was the highest with the number of 185.8±25.34 and 137.67±28.97,and then decreased as the growing year prolonged.The maximum of parent strains was 672.3±37.74 at the fourth year,indicating that the parent strain firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of growing year.The root biomass could be simulated by y=e7.355-1.939/t（P0.01）and showed a ＇S＇ curve,in which the first year was adaptive period,and the second year was logarithmic,and the periods from third year to fifth year were stable,and the sixth year was recessive.The asexual reproduction of P.pratensis cv.Qinghai was observed at the first and second year,and the sexual reproduction was observed at the third and fourth year.However,reproductive ability of asexual and sexual reproduction reduced when the growing years were over 5 due to pasture degradation.

关 键 词：青海扁茎早熟禾 地下生物量 冬眠构件 繁殖 

分 类 号：S543.9[农业科学—作物学]