唐山大气降尘的矿物组成与微观形貌特征分析  

Mineral Composition and Micro-Morphology Characteristics of Atmospheric Particles in Tangshan City

作　　者：栾文楼[1] 陈智贤[1] 谷海峰[1] 李超[1] 蔡奎[1] 

机构地区：[1]石家庄经济学院资源与环境工程研究所,河北石家庄050031

出　　处：《矿物学报》2011年第2期237-242,共6页Acta Mineralogica Sinica

基　　金：河北省政府与中国地质调查局合作的河北省农业地质调查项目(200414200007);石家庄经济学院研究生专项科研基金(XY201040)

摘　　要：应用X射线衍射线技术(XRD)和扫描电镜技术(SEM/EDX)对唐山大气降尘中颗粒的矿物组成及微观形貌进行了研究。结果表明,唐山大气降尘的主要矿物组分是方解石、石英和粘土,次为赤铁矿、石膏、白云石及长石类矿物,其它的矿物还有菱铁矿、菱镁矿、石盐、沸石、角闪石、钙芒硝和无水芒硝等;其形貌特征主要有球状、层状、片状、柱状和块状等规则形态及矿物单体和矿物集合体等不规则形态;对XRD的检测结果进行分析后,表明大气降尘颗粒物的主要来源为地面扬尘、建筑扬尘、工业尘及在大气环境中新生成的矿物。Mineral composition and micro-morphology of atmosphertic particles in Tangshan City were studied with X-ray diffractometry（XRD） and scanning electronicmicroscopy（SEM/EDX）.Results reveal that the main minerals are calcite,quartz and claymineral,and secondly hematite,gypsum,dolomite and feldspathoid,with some siderite,magnesite,halite,zeolite,amphibole,glauberite and thenardite.The SEM/EDX analysis shows that the micro-morphology character is in regular shapes and irregular shapes.Minerals in regular shapes consist of globularity,lamellar,schistic,columnar and massiveness,and minerals in irregular shapes consist of single minerals and mineral aggregates.The XRD analytical results demonstrate that atmospheric particulates come mainly from fugitive dust,concrete industry dust,soot of industrial and new generation of minerals in the atmospheric environment.

关 键 词：大气降尘 微观形貌 矿物颗粒 X射线衍射(XRD) 扫描电镜(SEM/EDX) 

分 类 号：P572[天文地球—矿物学] X513[天文地球—地质学]