黄瓜不同生长期水分效应及水分生产函数研究  

Research on Water Effect at Different Growth Stages and Water Production Function of Cucumber

作　　者：廖凯[1,2] 范兴科[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]西北农林科技大学,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2011年第6期10-13,共4页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(2006AA100208)

摘　　要：以黄瓜为试验材料,以不同生长时期土壤水分水平为试验因素,对黄瓜分阶段进行不同土壤水分下限控制处理,测定黄瓜耗水量、产量及品质,进而研究了不同生长期不同的土壤水分状况对黄瓜耗水量、产量和品质的影响,确定黄瓜的水分生产函数。结果表明：黄瓜对水分的消耗基本呈现为初花期小、初瓜期较大、高峰为盛瓜期的特点;通过用遗传算法对詹森（Jensen）模型进行拟合,得出水分生产函数的敏感指数为盛瓜期〉初瓜期〉初花期,与黄瓜耗水规律一致;初花期、初瓜期和盛瓜期土壤水分分别保持在55%~90%、75%~90%、75%~90%田间持水量,不仅可获得最高产量,使水分利用效率达到最大,同时也获得了较好的黄瓜品质,实现了高产与高效的统一。The amounts of water consumption,yield and fruit quality of cucumber were determined under different soil moisture treatments during three growth stages in pot experiment.The study discussed the effects of different soil moisture treatments in three growth stages on the amounts of water consumption,yield and fruit quality of cucumber and the water production function was determined.The results showed that the amounts of water consumption at initial bloom stage was lower than that at early-fruit stage,and the highest water consumption amount was at mid-fruit stage.Water sensitivity indices calculated by the Jensen model using Genetic Algorithm went down successively from mid-fruit stage,early-fruit stage to initial bloom stage,which was similar to the pattern of water consumption.The treatment,in which the soil moisture is maintained 55%~90%,75%~90% and 75%~90% of field water capacity at initial bloom stage,early-fruit stage and mid-fruit stage,respectively,got not only the best yield and water use efficiency,but also the better fruit quality.

关 键 词：黄瓜 土壤含水率 水分利用效率 产量 品质 水分生产函数 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S363[农业科学—园艺学]