畜禽废水磷回收产物的磷素释放特性及肥效试验研究  

The Phosphorus Release Characteristics and Fertility of Recovery Product from the Livestock Wastewater After Digestion

作　　者：邹璇[1] 王德汉[1] 李亮 马磊 李东[3] 孙永明[3] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院环境工程系,广州510642 [2]机科发展科技股份有限公司,北京100044 [3]中国科学院广州能源研究所,广州510640

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2011年第5期1021-1026,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：科技部"十一五"国家科技支撑计划重大项目(2008BADC4B04);广东省科技计划项目(2008b030302044)

摘　　要：以畜禽废水沼气发酵液为磷回收对象,采用曝气沉淀结晶法磷回收工艺,对回收产物进行水溶性磷连续浸提试验和玉米盆栽试验,考察畜禽废水磷回收产物的磷素动态释放情况、玉米盆栽的肥效以及磷素利用情况。浸提试验表明,磷回收产物经6次浸提,水溶性磷的释放量呈缓慢下降的趋势,第6次与第1次相比只下降了1.42%,总释放量占总磷的57.97%,证明磷回收产物(RPP)具有良好的缓释性,作为肥料使用时不易被水淋失。盆栽试验表明,用RPP以不同比例代替磷酸一铵作为肥料对玉米均能起到显著的增产作用,最佳的质量替代比例为40%;RPP较磷酸一铵的地上部分和地下部分磷素利用率分别高出19.14%和2.50%,显示其具有较高的磷吸收效率。因此,从畜禽废水沼气发酵液中回收得到的磷回收产物具有较高的肥效价值,是一种节约资源、保护环境、缓解磷资源危机的新型肥料。The precipitating crystallization with aeration was used to recover phosphorus from the livestock wastewater after anaerobic digestion.The release characteristics of soluble phosphorus in RPP（recovery product of phosphorus） were examined with the continuous water extraction method and a pot experiment was carried out to investigate the fertility of RPP.The results of the extraction experiment indicated that the release amount of soluable phosphorus decreased slowly when more extractions occurred;the phosphorus release amount of the sixth time extraction was only 1.42% lower than that of the first time;the cumulative release amount of phosphorus accounted for 57.97% of the total phosphorus;it proved that RPP was a good slow-released fertilizer whose nutrient was not easy to lose.The results of the pot experiment indicated that the biomass of maize all increased when RPP was used in different proportion,with monoammonium phosphate（MAP）;the optimal application proprotion was 40%;additionally,the absorption amount of phosphorus increased 19.14% in shoots and 2.50% in roots,respectively,when RPP was used as phosphorus fertilizer instead of MAP.In conclusion,RPP from livestock wastewater after digestion was a good phosphorus,which was beneficial to save resources,protect environment and alleviate the crisis of phosphorus.

关 键 词：磷回收产物 肥效 缓释性 玉米 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]