降低采油工程投资的机采优化设计方法  

THE OPTIMIZATIN DESIGN METHOD OF ARTIFICIAL LIFT REDUCING THE INVESTMENT OF PRODUCTION ENGINEERING

作　　者：冯立[1,2] 王群嶷[2] 吴虞[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871 [2]大庆油田有限责任公司采油工程研究院,黑龙江大庆163453

出　　处：《大庆石油地质与开发》2011年第3期113-117,共5页Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing

基　　金：基金项目：国家自然基金项目“全三维水力裂缝在砂/泥岩界面上扩展特性研究”（51004023）资助.

摘　　要：大庆外围低渗透油田抽油机载荷利用率普遍低于65％，抽油机型号选择偏大、设备利用率低造成高投资和高能耗。为解决这一问题，机采方案设计中重点考虑了载荷计算方法、负载率的确定、杆柱组合及生产参数优化等主要内容，建立了载荷计算数学模型，并依据实测数据拟合出新的载荷计算方法，利用疲劳寿命和经济寿命分析确定了合理的负载率界限。在抽油杆直径、材质和杆柱组合比例上加大优化力度，应用Peoffice和防偏磨软件等多种方法对运行参数进行优化。新的设计方法将载荷计算精度提高至90．4％，选型负载率界限提高至85％～95％，使油田抽油机井的选型设计更加合理、系统效率提高、生产成本降低，达到了节能降耗的目的。The statistics, the utilization rate of load candying capacity of pumping units in low-permeability peripheral oilfields in Daqing is generally lower than 65 % , and the selection of too large pumping units and low utilization rate of equipments lead to the high investment and high energy consumption. In order to solve this problem, computational method for load calxying capacity, determination of load ratio, combination of rod strings and optimization of production operating parameters are mainly considered in the design of artificial lift plan, and then a load computation mathematical model is established. Moreover, a new computational method of load is matched according to the measured data, and meanwhile a reasonable load ratio limit is determined through the analysis of fatigue life and economic life. More efforts are put to optimize the diameter and material of pump rod and the ratio of composite rod string, and operation parameters are optimized through the application of peoffice, anti-eccentric wear software and other methods. The new design method can increase the calculation accuracy of load carrying capacity and load ratio limit to 90.4% and 85% -95% respectively, moreover it makes the pumping units selection design more reasonable, the system efficiency higher and the production cost lower, which realizes the goal of energy saving and consumption reducing.

关 键 词：抽油机 优化设计 节能 

分 类 号：TE323[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]