翻压绿肥后不同施肥方法对水稻养分吸收及产量的影响  

Effects of different fertilizing methods on absorption and utilization of nutrient of rice plants under reducing the amount of mineral fertilizer after turning under Chinese milk vetch

作　　者：徐昌旭[1] 谢志坚[1] 曹卫东[2] 许政良[3] 苏全平[1] 李水荣[3] 王云[4] 秦文婧[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所,江西南昌330200 [2]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081 [3]江西省丰城市农业技术推广中心,江西丰城331100 [4]江西农业大学国土资源与环境学院,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2011年第3期35-39,共5页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项“赣浙地区绿肥作物生产与利用技术集成研究及示范”(200803029)

摘　　要：通过大田试验研究了翻压等量紫云英后不同施肥方法对水稻养分吸收及产量的影响。结果表明,翻压紫云英22 500 kg/hm2后配施80%化肥,与习惯施肥方法相比,其他施肥方法均有利于提高早稻茎秆中氮、磷含量,分别平均增加1.0%～13.7%、6.5%～26.2%,却降低水稻籽粒中钾含量6.0%～23.0%。底肥:分蘖肥:穗肥=0:7:3降低早稻籽粒中磷含量,但是增加早稻茎秆和晚稻籽粒中钾素含量。不施底肥,分蘖肥:穗肥=5:5提高晚稻籽粒中氮素含量,而全部用作分蘖肥施用时显著增加晚稻籽粒中磷素含量;配施60%化肥,其他施肥方法分别平均增加早稻籽粒中氮、钾含量24.6%～34.6%、8.8%～15.7%和晚稻茎秆中磷含量5.2%～60.9%,但是降低早稻茎秆中磷含量10.7%～44.3%,不施底肥降低早稻茎秆中氮含量2.4%～47.4%。配施60%～80%化肥,与习惯施肥方法相比,底肥:分蘖肥:穗肥=0:7:3更有利于增加水稻有效穗数和产量。A field experiment was carried out to study the effects of different methods of fertilization on absorption and utilization of nutrient of rice plants under reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer and turning under equivalent green manure.The results showed that applying green manure 22 500 kg/ha combined application of 80% chemical fertilizer,comparing with traditional methods of fertilization,the other ways increased the N and P contents in stem of early rice by 1.0%～13.7%,6.5%～26.2% respectively,but decreased the content of paddy grain by 6.0%～23.0%.Othermore,the way which was basal：tillering fertilizer：panicle fertilizer = 0：7：3 decreased the content of P in paddy grain of early rice,but increased the content of content of K in stalk of early rice and paddy grain of later rice.Without basal and tillering fertilizer：panicle fertilizer = 5：5 increased the content of N of in paddy grain of later rice,but the method which was basal：tillering fertilizer：panicle fertilizer = 0：10：0 increased the content of P in paddy grain of later rice;combined application of 60% chemical fertilizer,the other fertilization methods increased the content of N,K in paddy grain of early rice by 24.6%～34.6%,8.8%～15.7% respectively,and the content of P in stalk of later rice by 5.2%～60.9%,but decreased the content of P in stalk of early rice by 10.7%～44.3%,and the methods which were without basal fertilizer decreased the content of N in stalk of early rice by 2.4%～47.4%.Combined application of 60%～80% chemical fertilizer,comparing with traditional fertilizing method,the way which was basal：tillering fertilizer：panicle fertilizer = 0：7：3 was helpful to increase the effective tiller number and yield of buth earlier and latter rice plants.

关 键 词：水稻 紫云英 施肥方法 养分吸收 产量 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]