海气界面热通量交换对南海深水海盆SST持续增暖的可能贡献  

Contribution of Air-Sea Interface Heat Flux to the Sea Surface Temperature Persistence Warming in South China Sea

作　　者：王皘[1] 刘秦玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋环境学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第6期9-14,22,共7页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40830106);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2007CB411803;2010CB428904)资助

摘　　要：20世纪后50年南海深水海盆SST持续增暖了0.64℃,为了探究其持续增暖的机制,使用IPCC模式比较试验CGCM3.1(T47)、CGCM3.1(T63)、CSIRO-Mk3.0、GFDL CM2.0这4个模式输出资料中的辐射通量、湍流热通量、比湿、风、云量、气温、海平面气压及海温数据,计算了各海洋、气象要素的变化趋势,估算了热通量各分量,发现20世纪后50年期间SST的持续增暖似乎不能依据海面热通量的变化来解释。主要证据如下:夏季风的减弱使得海面潜热减少了约4.9W/m2,但由于海温升高、蒸发加强又使潜热增多了大约同样的值,使得夏季南海深水海盆总的潜热通量变化较小;夏季大气水汽含量的增多促使海面长波辐射增多了约1.8 W/m2,加上感热通量等变化的效应,海洋净得热增多了约3.0 W/m2;但是,20世纪后50年内冬季风的增强和冬季海温升高致使海洋潜热增多了约7.3 W/m2。由于20世纪后50年潜热释放大于海面长波辐射增多,无法只用海面热通量解释SST持续增暖现象,指出了南海海洋动力过程可能在维持南海深水海盆50年来SST持续增暖中的重要性。There is a SST boost of 0.64 ℃ in the deep basin（〉200 m） of the South China Sea（SCS） during the last half of 20th century.Aim at the mechanism of warming,this paper separates each surface heat flux component and calculates its quantificational contribution to the warming respectively,by using the output data of CGCM3.1（T47）,CGCM3.1（T63）,CSIRO-Mk3.0 and GFDL CM2.0.It tells that the persistent warming seems cannot be explained by the change of surface heat flux.The weakened wind in summers cuts down the released latent heat of the SCS,about 4.9 W/m2.However,the stronger evaporation caused by the warming leads to an equivalent loss in latent heat,resulted in a small change of total latent heat flux in general.With sensible heat flux effect and other terms,SCS gains approximately 3.0 W/m2 increased net heat.In contrast,the strengthened wind in winters along with the negative ocean response damping the warming and causing a deficit in net heat flux（-7.3 W/m2）.Thus the effect of dynamical processes in SCS is considerable in explaining the persistent warming of the basin-mean SST during the last half of 20th century.

关 键 词：南海 热通量 海表面温度 持续增暖 

分 类 号：P733.4[天文地球—物理海洋学]