《回教考略》与清末民初的回耶对话  

Huijiao Kaolue and the Hui-Ye dialogue between Chinese Hui Muslim scholars and the Protestant missionaries in later Qing and early Republic of China period

作　　者：杨晓春[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学历史学系

出　　处：《世界宗教研究》2011年第3期118-131,194,共14页Studies in World Religions

基　　金：教育部人文社科重点研究基地项目"近代中国基督教与伊斯兰教的相遇与对话"(2009JJD730001)中期成果

摘　　要：清末民初发生在中国回族穆斯林和基督教传教士之间的"回耶对话",是历史上文明对话研究的生动个案。而促成两方积极对话的《回教考略》(《四教考略》有关伊斯兰教部分的单行本)一书,则是其中尤其值得关注的关节点。通过《回教考略》的出版以及版本状况的查询、《回教考略》对伊斯兰教批评的具体状况的分析、回族穆斯林学者针对《回教考略》有所反响的八个个案的收集(在回族穆斯林学者中有相当的代表性),我们可以认识到《回教考略》一书在引起回族穆斯林学者注意到并起而反驳基督教对伊斯兰教的批评等方面都有着重要的影响。而从文明对话的角度进行分析,我们还可以看到围绕着《回教考略》的回耶对话的一些特点:其一,这一回耶对话总体上是因为基督教对伊斯兰教的明确批评及试图传教引起的,回族穆斯林学者对基督教方面所描述的有关伊斯兰教内容的辩驳和对基督教的批评,具有必然性;其二,对于伊斯兰教方面而言,这一回耶对话有着相当的"卫教"色彩;其三,虽然当时基督教处于一种主动的且是强势的地位,但这一次回耶之间的对话,却大抵是在一种平等的关系下进行的。The Hui-Ye dialogue(Dialogue between Islam and the Christianity Religion)between Chinese Hui Muslim scholars and the Protestant missionaries in later Qing and early Republic of China period is a lively case of cultural dialogue in the history.A book translated by Donald MacGillivray into Chinese named Huijiao Kaolue(Mohammedanism),which is first two chapters of Si Jiao Kaolue(Comparative Religion),is the key links of those both sides.And this book is worth us focusing.We can realize that Huijiao Kaolue had very important influence as to Chinese Hui Muslim scholars' attention and criticism to the attitude of Protestant missionaries about Islam through the analysis of the publication of Huijiao Kaolue and eight cases of Chinese Hui Muslim scholars' criticism to Huijiao Kaolue.We also can find some characters of this Hui-Ye dialogue be bound up with Huijiao Kaolue through the observation of point of cultural dialogue's view.Firstly this Hui-Ye dialogue was caused mainly because of the Protestant missionaries' criticizing to Islam and attempting to missionary to Chinese Hui people.Chinese Hui Muslim scholars' disputing and criticizing to the Christianity Religion was the result of response to the stimulation.Secondly to the side of Chinese Islam this Hui-Ye dialogue had some elements of defending their own religion.Thirdly this Hui-Ye dialogue generally developed base on an equal relationship of the both sides,though Protestantism had a superiority situation.

关 键 词：《回教考略》 《四教考略》 回耶对话 文明对话 

分 类 号：B969[哲学宗教—宗教学] K258[历史地理—历史学]