三峡水库湖北段沉积物磷形态及其分布特征  

Phosphorus Forms and Its Distribution Character in Sediment of Three Gorges Reservoir in Hubei

作　　者：张琳[1,2] 毕永红[1] 胡征宇[1] 梅裕[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所,湖北武汉430072 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2011年第6期6-9,27,共5页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家"十一五"水专项项目(2009ZX07104-005);中国科学院创新重大工程项目(KZCX1-YW-08-01)

摘　　要：应用淡水沉积物的标准测试程序（SMT）测定了三峡水库湖北段长江干流和4条支流中14个采样点沉积物的总磷、无机磷、有机磷、铁/铝磷和钙磷的含量并对不同形态磷之间进行了相关性分析。结果表明,三峡水库湖北段水体表层沉积物中TP和各种磷的赋存形态存在明显的空间差异,TP含量为361.6~1 033.5 mg/kg;In-P是沉积物中磷的主要成分,占TP的58.1%~92.3%;沉积物中TP的增减主要来自In-P,In-P的增减主要来自Ca-P,Ca-P占In-P含量的53.7%~83.7%。而Org-P、Ca-P、Fe/Al-P三者的含量相对独立。长江湖北段一级支流在表层沉积物的TP空间分布特征总体表现为：香溪河〉童庄河〉袁水河〉青干河。与其他支流相比,香溪河沉积物的总磷和各形态磷含量都显著高于其他支流。上述研究结果在一定程度上获得了不同形态磷在三峡水库湖北段的分布特征,为客观评价沉积物潜在的磷释放能力提供依据。Total phosphorus（TP）,inorganic phosphorus（In-P）,organic phosphorus（OP）,Fe/Al-bound phosphorus（Fe/Al-P） and Ca-bound phosphorus（Ca-P） in surface sediment of 14 samples of main trunk of the Yangtze River and 4 anabranches in the Three Gorges Reservoir in Hubei were measured by the standard measurement and test（SMT） procedure of phosphorus forms in freshwater sediments.Correlation coefficients between phosphorus forms were also analyzed.In the study area,TP in surface layer deposit was 361.6~1 033.5 mg/kg.In-P was main component in sediment and accounted for 58.1%~92.3% of TP.Variation of TP was mainly related to In-P,besides variation of In-P was related to Ca-P which accounted for 53.7%~83.7% of Ca-P.But the Org-P,Ca-P and Fe/Al-P varied independently.Spatial distribution of TP in surface sediments of Yangtze tributaries was followed as Xiangxi,Tongzhuang,Yuanshui and Qinggan.Compared with other anabranches,total phosphorus and content of different phosphorus forms were significantly higher in Xiangxi.So it was suggested that effective measures should be taken to prevent phosphorus pollution of sediment in Xiangxi River.Results uncovered the distribution character of phosphorus forms in sediment of the Three Gorges Reservoir in Hubei to some extent,which would provide the basis for estimating the potential phosphorus releasing ability.

关 键 词：三峡水库 沉积物 磷形态 分布特征 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]