氮肥对超级稻沈农265产量及氮肥利用率的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen on Yield and N Use Efficiency of Super Rice Shennong 265

作　　者：李德全[1] 崔月峰[1] 卢铁钢[1] 李大伟[1] 孙国才[1] 

机构地区：[1]铁岭市农业科学院,辽宁铁岭112616

出　　处：《北方水稻》2011年第3期12-14,17,共4页North Rice

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目

摘　　要：以北方超级稻沈农265为试材,分析了不同氮素水平对其产量及氮素利用率的影响。结果表明:与惯用施纯氮量210 kg/hm2相比,降低30%的氮素水平(147 kg/hm2)可以使沈农265的结实率和千粒重分别提高4.7%和2.4%,产量、有效穗数和每穗实粒数分别降低4.9%、2.4%和2.5%,差异均未达到显著水平;不同生育时期沈农265叶、茎和穗的含氮量和吸氮量均有所下降,但氮素收获指数、农学利用率、生理利用率和偏生产力都上升,表明氮素向穗的运转率提高。生产上要适当降低施氮量使穗、粒、重结构达到最优化组合,减少水稻植株"奢侈"耗氮现象的发生,进而增加产量、提高氮肥利用效率和经济效益。The super rice in Northern China ＂Shennong 265＂ was used to study the yield and N use efficiency under different nitrogen application levels.The results showed that. Nitrogen level decreased by 30% （147kg/hm^2）eompared with local nitrogen application 210kg/hm^2,It could make seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight of Shennong 265 increase by 4.7% and 2.4% respectively, and yield,effective panicles and grains per panicle decrease by 4.9%, 2.4% and 2.5% respectively. The difference did not reach significant level; The nitrogen content and nitrogen accumulation of Shennong 265＂s leaves,stem and panicle decreased in different growth stages ,while nitrogen harvest index, physical efficiency, agronomic efficiency, partial productivity increased which showed that nitrogen to panicles remobilization rate increase. Production should reduce nitrogen fertilizer to make panicles,grain and weight achieve the most optimum combination in the strneture, reduce the rice plant ＂luxury＂ nitrogen consumption to happen, in order to increase the yield,nitrogen use efficiency and economic benefits.

关 键 词：氮素 产量 利用率 

分 类 号：S511.062[农业科学—作物学]