现代中国青年文化的诞生——以《新青年》杂志为中心的考察  

The Naissance of the Youth Culture in Modern China——Taking the New Youth as the Main Study Case

作　　者：邓金明[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学文学院,上海200444

出　　处：《上海大学学报（社会科学版）》2011年第3期47-56,共10页Journal of Shanghai University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：上海市第三期重点学科中国现代文学资助(S30101)

摘　　要：五四青年所代表的青年文化是在近代中国青年阶层诞生的基础上产生的。从内容来看,《新青年》的主题是"青年"和"青春"。这些大量涌现的以"青年"为主题的论述文章,形成了五四时期独特的"青年论述"。陈独秀以"青年"命名刊物的用心主要表现为:首先"青年"是作为一种社会角色出现的,有着更强的社会功能,更容易成为社会革新的力量;其次,"青年"本身就包含一种以时间为向度的价值评判的可能。因此,一方面,"青年"作为被启蒙的对象,具有更大的可能性;另一方面,"青年"自身就具有道德上的优势,在与老年、老大帝国、旧制度旧文化旧道德的对抗中,能更容易获得认同。现代"青年"角色的产生,是双向发展的产物:一方面是社会的角色期待、社会的规范性力量;一方面是青年的自主意识、角色的自我设计。也就是说,"‘青年’并不只是由来自社会的角色期待所决定的,而是由作为角色担当者的学生自身的主体行为与社会的角色期待的互动形成的"。就近代中国而言,作为社会角色的"青年"的形成,与《新青年》有不可分割的关系。而五四青年通过对《新青年》的阅读,也产生了自我意识。这种自我意识发展的结果就是"青年崇拜"。The youth culture, represented by the May 4th youth, is produced on the basis of the naissance of the youth stratum in modem China. From the view of the content, the New Youth has a ＂youthful＂ or ＂vigorous＂ soul. During the time of the May 4th Movement, a large number of the critical essays, taking the ＂youth＂ as the theme, makes up of the unique ＂youthful discussion＂. There are mainly two reasons for Chen Du-xiu＇s naming his magazine the New Youth： firstly, youth as a social role possesses a powerful social function, being easy to become the strength of social innovation; secondly, youth in itself compromises a likelihood of value judgment that takes time as measure. Therefore, on the one hand, youth as the object being enlightened has a great possibility of innovation, and, on the other hand, since its moral advantage, in a struggle against the old age, old empire, old system, old culture and old moral, it is easy to obtain acceptance. The modem youth＇s birth of this social role is the outcome of such bilateral development. While social role expectation or social norm strength is producod, there exists youth＇s independent consciousness or role serf-designing. That is to say, youth is determined not only by social role expectation but also by the subject behavior of the student as the role actor and its interaction with social role expectation. As far as modem China is concerned, the production of youth as a social role is closely related to the New Youth. And the May 4th youth, by virtue of reading the New Youth, produces self-consciousness. The development of this self-consciousness results in youth worship.

关 键 词：五四青年 青年文化 《新青年》 阅读 青年崇拜 

分 类 号：G0[文化科学]