牛线性体型评定  

Linear Type Classification for Cattle

作　　者：李恒德[1] 许尚忠[2] 周忠孝[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学动物科学系,山西太谷030801 [2]中国农业科学院畜牧研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《国外畜牧科技》1999年第5期26-29,共4页Animal Science Abroad

摘　　要：对牛的线性体型评定的发展过程、特点及评定方法进行了简单的介绍，研究结果表明，体型评定数据的方差来源主要有年龄、鉴定员、胎次、畜群、产犊季节和公牛效应，公牛是体型性状极显著的来源；大多数报道认为体型性状的遗传力是中等的，体型性状间、体型性状与生产性状有较大的遗传相关；乳用性及乳用性状的线性评分值与产奶量呈强正相关；肢蹄与产奶量无关；与乳房形状和肢蹄有关的性状与畜群寿命相关最强；通过选择来提高乳房健康应提高前房附着和前乳头分布的育种值；公牛的近交系数与和体躯大小有关的性状呈负相关。The development process,characteristics and classifying methods of linear type classification are introduced.Results shows that the main resources of variance of classifying data are age,scorer,parity,herd,season of calfing and especially,sire effect;that heritabilities of type traits are moderate,larger genetic correlations exist among type traits and between type traits and production traits;the scores of dairy character and traits regard with milk have strong positive relationship with milk production;all researches shows feet and legs have no relationship with milk production;the traits associated with udder shape or feet have the largest correlation with herd life;the breeding values of fore udder touch and distribution of teats ought to be improved,if the udder health is to be improved by selection;the bull's coefficient of inbreeding and the traits related with body size significantly show negative relationship;the cow's coefficient of inbreeding have a relationship significantly only with teats distribution.

关 键 词：牛 体型性状 线性体型评定 

分 类 号：S823.2[农业科学—畜牧学] S823.1[农业科学—畜牧兽医]